\u00a0 Prof. Dr. Ahmet KAVAS<\/span><\/strong><\/p> \u00a0<\/span><\/p> D\u00fcnya genelinde kritik minerallerin pazar\u0131 son 5 y\u0131lda iki kat artt\u0131. Bunlar i\u00e7inde sadece grafit i\u00e7in en dikkat \u00e7eken \u00fclkelerin ba\u015f\u0131nda Mozambik geliyor. Bunu Hint Okyanusu\u2019nun bat\u0131 ucundaki Madagaskar Adas\u0131 takip ediyor. Art\u0131k Tanzanya da ad\u0131ndan s\u00f6z ettiriyor. Hatta yine ayn\u0131 b\u00f6lgenin i\u00e7 k\u0131sm\u0131nda yer alan Malavi, ge\u00e7ti\u011fimiz birka\u00e7 y\u0131l i\u00e7inde yeni yat\u0131r\u0131mlarla hepsinin \u00f6n\u00fcne ge\u00e7ecek gibi. Elektrikli ara\u00e7lar\u0131n h\u0131zl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde teknolojik geli\u015fim g\u00f6sterdi\u011fi g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde bu alandaki ticari rekabet \u00c7in ile rakiplerini kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya getirdi. Bu \u00fclkenin sahip oldu\u011fu bu madenle ilgili kaynaklar\u0131 yak\u0131n gelecekte yeterli olmaktan \u00e7\u0131kacak. Dahas\u0131 grafit \u00fcr\u00fcnlerine getirdi\u011fi ihracat s\u0131n\u0131rlamas\u0131 tek ba\u015f\u0131na bir karar de\u011fil. ABD\u2019nin yapt\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131 ve \u00f6zellikle elektrikli ara\u00e7lara yeni g\u00fcmr\u00fck vergisi d\u00fczenlemeleri, \u00c7in\u2019i bu y\u00f6nde misilleme yapmaya y\u00f6neltti. Haliyle farkl\u0131 co\u011frafyalarda artan taleplerin bir \u015fekilde kar\u015f\u0131lanmas\u0131 gerekiyor. \u00d6zellikle Anglo-Sakson \u00fclkelerden Kanada ve Avustralya, Afrika \u00fclkelerindeki yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131 daha y\u00fcksek miktarlara ta\u015f\u0131mak i\u00e7in hamleler yap\u0131yor. G\u00fcney Kore de \u00c7in\u2019in ihracat yasaklar\u0131ndan fazla zarar g\u00f6rmemek i\u00e7in grafit\u00a0<\/span>\u00fcreticisi Afrika \u00fclkeleri ile yak\u0131n temasa ge\u00e7mek zorunda kald\u0131.<\/span><\/p> \u00a0<\/span><\/p> Y\u00dcZDE 54\u2019\u00dc SENTET\u0130K<\/span><\/strong><\/p> \u00a0<\/span><\/p> \u00c7in, d\u00fcnya grafit \u00fcretiminde neredeyse y\u00fczde 70\u2019lik bir orana sahip. Bunun y\u00fczde 46\u2019s\u0131 do\u011fal, y\u00fczde 54\u2019\u00fc de sentetik grafit. Afrika\u2019n\u0131n do\u011fal grafitteki pay\u0131 ise y\u00fczde 20. D\u00fcnyan\u0131n \u00f6nde gelen maden i\u015fletmecileri, gelece\u011fin en \u00f6nemli madenleri aras\u0131nda yer alacak bu \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn hammaddesinin bulundu\u011fu co\u011frafyalara b\u00fcy\u00fck yat\u0131r\u0131mlar yap\u0131yor. Bilhassa elektrikli ara\u00e7lara ra\u011fbetin artt\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir d\u00f6nemde bunlar\u0131n dayan\u0131kl\u0131 ve uzun \u00f6m\u00fcrl\u00fc pil bataryalar\u0131n\u0131n \u00fcretimi dahil pek \u00e7ok sanayi kolu i\u00e7in vazge\u00e7ilemez bir hammadde. Bug\u00fcn gelinen noktada grafit olmadan elektrikli ara\u00e7 \u00fcretiminde kimse devrim beklemiyor. Afrika\u2019n\u0131n grafiti, gelece\u011fin teknolojisinin kilidi olma yolunda ilerliyor.\u00a0<\/span><\/p> \u00a0 YILLIK \u0130HT\u0130YA\u00c7 4 M\u0130LYON TON<\/span><\/strong><\/p> \u00a0<\/span><\/p> Grafit madeni asl\u0131nda tabii olarak bulundu\u011fu kayna\u011f\u0131ndan elde ediliyor. Ancak 2 milyon 100 bin ton sentetik grafitin y\u00fczde 78\u2019i Asya\u2019da, y\u00fczde 10\u2019u Avrupa\u2019da, y\u00fczde 9\u2019u Kuzey Amerika\u2019da ve y\u00fczde 2\u2019si G\u00fcney Amerika\u2019da end\u00fcstriyel yollarla sanayide \u00fcretilerek farkl\u0131 ama\u00e7larla kullan\u0131l\u0131yor. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde \u00fclkelerin y\u0131ll\u0131k ihtiyac\u0131 4 milyon ton civar\u0131nda. Yery\u00fcz\u00fcndeki do\u011fal grafitin t\u00fcm kaynaklardaki mevcudu tespit edilebildi\u011fi kadar 300 milyon ton civar\u0131nda. \u00c7in hem kendi maden sahalar\u0131ndan elde ettikleri hem de Madagaskar, Mozambik ve Tanzanya\u2019dan ithal ettikleri ile bir taraftan ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131yor, bir taraftan da farkl\u0131 \u00fclkelere ihra\u00e7 ediyor. Afrika\u2019daki grafit madenlerine yat\u0131r\u0131m yapan \u00fclkelerin ba\u015f\u0131nda Avustralya geliyor. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc 2026 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar Afrika\u2019n\u0131n bu maden bak\u0131m\u0131ndan d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en \u00f6nemli ihracat\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 olaca\u011f\u0131 \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyor ve d\u00fcnya genelinde do\u011fal grafit ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fczde 40\u2019\u0131n\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131layabilir ki, yak\u0131n gelecekte y\u00fczde 35\u2019lik bir paya inece\u011fi varsay\u0131lan \u00c7in\u2019in \u00f6n\u00fcne ge\u00e7ecek.\u00a0<\/span><\/p> \u00a0<\/span><\/p> BATARYADAN \u0130LACA\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><\/p> \u00a0<\/span><\/p> Grafit; elektrik bataryalar\u0131nda, \u00e7elik ve elektrometal\u00fcrji sanayinde, elektrik cihazlar\u0131n\u0131n elektrotlar\u0131nda, elektronik malzeme ve kur\u015fun kalem yap\u0131m\u0131nda, izole tesislerinde, yar\u0131 iletkenlerde, LED yap\u0131m\u0131nda, motorlarda ve jenerat\u00f6r f\u0131r\u00e7alar\u0131nda, lityum-iyon temelli pil sanayinde, u\u00e7ak ve belirli jet motor par\u00e7alar\u0131nda, spor malzemelerinde, \u00e7elik ve \u00e7eli\u011fe karbon sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131 olarak otomobillerde, n\u00fckleer reakt\u00f6rlerde ve ila\u00e7 \u00fcretiminde kullan\u0131l\u0131yor.\u00a0<\/span><\/p> \u00a0<\/span><\/p> GRAF\u0130T \u0130\u00c7\u0130N YATIRIM YARI\u015eINDALAR<\/span><\/strong><\/p> \u00a0 Madencili\u011fin, Afrika \u00fclkelerinin GSYH\u2019lerinde \u00f6nemli bir pay\u0131 bulunuyor. 2005-2012 aras\u0131 y\u00fczde 14 iken, 2013-2021 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda y\u00fczde 25 oldu. Zambiya, Kongo Demokratik Cumhuriyeti, Moritanya, Gine, Mali ve Burkina Faso gibi \u00fclkelerdeki pay\u0131 y\u00fczde 50 civar\u0131nda. 2010\u2019lu y\u0131llar, Afrika madenlerinin k\u0131ymet bak\u0131m\u0131ndan \u00e7ok\u00e7a arand\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir d\u00f6nemdi. K\u0131tada madencilik alan\u0131n\u0131n daha serbest hale gelmesinde, y\u00fckselen alt\u0131n fiyatlar\u0131, Kanada ve Avustralya gibi \u00fclkelerin madencilik konusunda yeni teknolojileri geli\u015ftirmelerinin pay\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fck. Dahas\u0131 bak\u0131r, kobalt, elmas, manganez, boksit, demir, titanyum ve \u00e7inko gibi metaller ve 2020\u2019den itibaren grafit, platin, nadir toprak elementleri ve lityum, uluslararas\u0131 yat\u0131r\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131 bu k\u0131taya a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 derecede \u00e7ekti. \u00c7in, Birle\u015fik Arap Emirlikleri, Hindistan, Rusya, ABD, Kanada, Japonya, G\u00fcney Kore, T\u00fcrkiye ve Fas gibi \u00fclkeler k\u0131yas\u0131ya bir yat\u0131r\u0131m yar\u0131\u015f\u0131nda.\u00a0<\/span><\/p> \u00a0<\/span><\/p> T\u00dcRK\u0130YE\u2019DE 90 M\u0130LYON TON<\/span><\/strong><\/p> \u00a0<\/span><\/p> Grafit madeninin kullan\u0131m alan\u0131 olduk\u00e7a geni\u015f. \u00dclkemizde de son y\u0131llarda demir-\u00e7elik \u00fcretiminde fabrikalar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n \u00f6nemli ihtiya\u00e7 maddelerinden grafit elektrotlar\u0131n\u0131 ithal ediyoruz. T\u00fcrkiye, \u00f6nemli grafit \u00fcretici \u00fclke de\u011filse de 90 milyon ton oldu\u011fu tahmin edilen yataklara sahip. Her ne kadar 1941 y\u0131l\u0131ndan itibaren Kastamonu-Abana, Yozgat-Akda\u011fmadeni, Bal\u0131kesir-Band\u0131rma, Mu\u011fla-Milas, K\u00fctahya-Alt\u0131nta\u015f, Ad\u0131yaman-Sincik, \u0130zmir-Tire, \u0130stanbul-\u00c7atalca, Konya-Derbent, Ayd\u0131n-Germencik ve Artvin \u00e7evresi gibi 22 ayr\u0131 b\u00f6lgede maden yataklar\u0131 varsa da bir k\u0131sm\u0131nda \u00fcretmeye giri\u015fsek de yeterli yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131 yapamad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z i\u00e7in d\u0131\u015fa ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z devam ediyor. Ekonomik olmalar\u0131 i\u00e7in en az y\u00fczde 5 oran\u0131nda grafit ihtiva etmeleri gerekiyor.\u00a0<\/span><\/p> \u00a0 MADAGASKAR REZERVDE 26 M\u0130LYON TONLA \u0130LK SIRADA<\/span><\/strong><\/p> \u00a0<\/span><\/p> Afrika\u2019da Madagaskar 26 milyon ton, Mozambik 25 milyon ton ve Tanzanya 18 milyon ton ile Malavi hari\u00e7 70 milyon tona yak\u0131n rezervleri var. D\u00fcnyada 2016\u2019da 2.45 milyon ton grafit t\u00fcketilmi\u015fti. Bunun 950 bini do\u011fal,\u00a0<\/span><\/p> 1.5 milyon tonu ise sentetik. 2023\u2019te \u00fclkelerin grafit \u00fcretimi \u015f\u00f6yle:<\/span><\/p> \u00a0<\/span><\/p> \u00c7\u0130N, 93 B\u0130N TONLA \u0130THALATTA BA\u015eI \u00c7EK\u0130YOR<\/strong><\/span><\/p> D\u00fcnya genelinde ithalat\u00e7\u0131 \u00fclkelere gelince yine \u00c7in\u00a0<\/span><\/p> 93 bin tonla ba\u015f\u0131 \u00e7ekiyor. Kanada 85 bin ton, ABD\u00a0<\/span>73 bin ton, Hindistan ve G\u00fcney Kore 52 bin ton, Japonya 51 bin ton, Almanya 48 bin ton, Hollanda 15 bin ton ve Polonya 14 bin ton grafit t\u00fcketti.\u00a0<\/span><\/p> \u00a0<\/span><\/p> G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde 330 milyon ton do\u011fal grafit kayna\u011f\u0131 var. Bunlardan her y\u0131l \u00c7in 850 bin ton, Mozambik 170 bin ton, Madagaskar\u00a0<\/span>110 bin ton, Brezilya 87 bin ton, Rusya 15 bin ton, Kanada 13 bin ton, Norve\u00e7\u00a0<\/span><\/p> 10 bin ton, Hindistan 8.3 ton, Kuzey Kore 8.1 ton, Ukrayna 3 ton ve di\u011fer \u00fclkeler toplam 21.6 bin ton \u00fcretim yapt\u0131. E\u011fer T\u00fcrkiye 90 milyon ton, \u00c7in 74 milyon ton ve Brezilya 54 milyon ton kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131 tam de\u011ferlendirebilirlerse d\u00fcnyada y\u00fczde 66\u2019l\u0131k bir do\u011fal grafit \u00fcretim kapasiteleri var demektir.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>","slug":"teknolojinin-gelecegi-afrikanin-grafitinde-","tags":null,"meta_title":null,"meta_description":null,"meta_keywords":null,"news_cover_min":"\/front\/uploads\/blog\/thumbnail\/1721595600NHBTwT6L0OTF7Z0.webp","news_cover":null,"news_video_min":null,"news_video":null,"view_count":2133,"cropped_1200x675":null,"user":{"id":30,"name":"AHMET","surname":"KAVAS","email":"prof-dr-ahmet-kavas@gmail.com","slug":"prof-dr-ahmet-kavas","avatar":"\/front\/uploads\/avatar\/17336916002RXDhDXyMw3kEXW.webp","status":1,"role":1,"email_verified_at":null,"orde":null,"created_at":"2022-10-24T11:09:13.000000Z","updated_at":"2024-12-18T09:44:44.000000Z","seo_title":null,"seo_description":null},"translations":[{"id":54001,"is_featured":0,"is_amp":0,"is_ads":0,"ads_link":null,"post_id":53875,"locale":"tr","category_id":73,"title":"Teknolojinin gelece\u011fi Afrika\u2019n\u0131n grafitinde","home_title":null,"sub_title":null,"slider_title":null,"slider_title_2":null,"slider_spot_title":null,"slider_spot_title_2":null,"subtitleuse":0,"description":"Teknolojinin geli\u015fmesiyle elektrik bataryalar\u0131ndan \u00e7eli\u011fe, elektrometal\u00fcrji sanayinden u\u00e7ak ve ila\u00e7 \u00fcretimine kadar bir\u00e7ok alanda kullan\u0131lan grafit madenine duyulan ihtiya\u00e7 artt\u0131.","content":" D\u00fcnyan\u0131n \u00f6nde gelen maden i\u015fletmecileri de bu \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn hammaddesinin bulundu\u011fu co\u011frafyalara b\u00fcy\u00fck yat\u0131r\u0131mlar yap\u0131yor. Do\u011fal grafitteki pay\u0131 y\u00fczde 20 olan Afrika\u2019n\u0131n grafiti, bu nedenle gelece\u011fin teknolojisinin kilidi\u00a0<\/span><\/strong>olmaya aday.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><\/p> \u00a0 Prof. Dr. Ahmet KAVAS<\/span><\/strong><\/p> \u00a0<\/span><\/p> D\u00fcnya genelinde kritik minerallerin pazar\u0131 son 5 y\u0131lda iki kat artt\u0131. Bunlar i\u00e7inde sadece grafit i\u00e7in en dikkat \u00e7eken \u00fclkelerin ba\u015f\u0131nda Mozambik geliyor. Bunu Hint Okyanusu\u2019nun bat\u0131 ucundaki Madagaskar Adas\u0131 takip ediyor. Art\u0131k Tanzanya da ad\u0131ndan s\u00f6z ettiriyor. Hatta yine ayn\u0131 b\u00f6lgenin i\u00e7 k\u0131sm\u0131nda yer alan Malavi, ge\u00e7ti\u011fimiz birka\u00e7 y\u0131l i\u00e7inde yeni yat\u0131r\u0131mlarla hepsinin \u00f6n\u00fcne ge\u00e7ecek gibi. Elektrikli ara\u00e7lar\u0131n h\u0131zl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde teknolojik geli\u015fim g\u00f6sterdi\u011fi g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde bu alandaki ticari rekabet \u00c7in ile rakiplerini kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya getirdi. Bu \u00fclkenin sahip oldu\u011fu bu madenle ilgili kaynaklar\u0131 yak\u0131n gelecekte yeterli olmaktan \u00e7\u0131kacak. Dahas\u0131 grafit \u00fcr\u00fcnlerine getirdi\u011fi ihracat s\u0131n\u0131rlamas\u0131 tek ba\u015f\u0131na bir karar de\u011fil. ABD\u2019nin yapt\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131 ve \u00f6zellikle elektrikli ara\u00e7lara yeni g\u00fcmr\u00fck vergisi d\u00fczenlemeleri, \u00c7in\u2019i bu y\u00f6nde misilleme yapmaya y\u00f6neltti. Haliyle farkl\u0131 co\u011frafyalarda artan taleplerin bir \u015fekilde kar\u015f\u0131lanmas\u0131 gerekiyor. \u00d6zellikle Anglo-Sakson \u00fclkelerden Kanada ve Avustralya, Afrika \u00fclkelerindeki yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131 daha y\u00fcksek miktarlara ta\u015f\u0131mak i\u00e7in hamleler yap\u0131yor. G\u00fcney Kore de \u00c7in\u2019in ihracat yasaklar\u0131ndan fazla zarar g\u00f6rmemek i\u00e7in grafit\u00a0<\/span>\u00fcreticisi Afrika \u00fclkeleri ile yak\u0131n temasa ge\u00e7mek zorunda kald\u0131.<\/span><\/p> \u00a0<\/span><\/p> Y\u00dcZDE 54\u2019\u00dc SENTET\u0130K<\/span><\/strong><\/p> \u00a0<\/span><\/p> \u00c7in, d\u00fcnya grafit \u00fcretiminde neredeyse y\u00fczde 70\u2019lik bir orana sahip. Bunun y\u00fczde 46\u2019s\u0131 do\u011fal, y\u00fczde 54\u2019\u00fc de sentetik grafit. Afrika\u2019n\u0131n do\u011fal grafitteki pay\u0131 ise y\u00fczde 20. D\u00fcnyan\u0131n \u00f6nde gelen maden i\u015fletmecileri, gelece\u011fin en \u00f6nemli madenleri aras\u0131nda yer alacak bu \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn hammaddesinin bulundu\u011fu co\u011frafyalara b\u00fcy\u00fck yat\u0131r\u0131mlar yap\u0131yor. Bilhassa elektrikli ara\u00e7lara ra\u011fbetin artt\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir d\u00f6nemde bunlar\u0131n dayan\u0131kl\u0131 ve uzun \u00f6m\u00fcrl\u00fc pil bataryalar\u0131n\u0131n \u00fcretimi dahil pek \u00e7ok sanayi kolu i\u00e7in vazge\u00e7ilemez bir hammadde. Bug\u00fcn gelinen noktada grafit olmadan elektrikli ara\u00e7 \u00fcretiminde kimse devrim beklemiyor. Afrika\u2019n\u0131n grafiti, gelece\u011fin teknolojisinin kilidi olma yolunda ilerliyor.\u00a0<\/span><\/p> \u00a0 YILLIK \u0130HT\u0130YA\u00c7 4 M\u0130LYON TON<\/span><\/strong><\/p> \u00a0<\/span><\/p> Grafit madeni asl\u0131nda tabii olarak bulundu\u011fu kayna\u011f\u0131ndan elde ediliyor. Ancak 2 milyon 100 bin ton sentetik grafitin y\u00fczde 78\u2019i Asya\u2019da, y\u00fczde 10\u2019u Avrupa\u2019da, y\u00fczde 9\u2019u Kuzey Amerika\u2019da ve y\u00fczde 2\u2019si G\u00fcney Amerika\u2019da end\u00fcstriyel yollarla sanayide \u00fcretilerek farkl\u0131 ama\u00e7larla kullan\u0131l\u0131yor. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde \u00fclkelerin y\u0131ll\u0131k ihtiyac\u0131 4 milyon ton civar\u0131nda. Yery\u00fcz\u00fcndeki do\u011fal grafitin t\u00fcm kaynaklardaki mevcudu tespit edilebildi\u011fi kadar 300 milyon ton civar\u0131nda. \u00c7in hem kendi maden sahalar\u0131ndan elde ettikleri hem de Madagaskar, Mozambik ve Tanzanya\u2019dan ithal ettikleri ile bir taraftan ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131yor, bir taraftan da farkl\u0131 \u00fclkelere ihra\u00e7 ediyor. Afrika\u2019daki grafit madenlerine yat\u0131r\u0131m yapan \u00fclkelerin ba\u015f\u0131nda Avustralya geliyor. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc 2026 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar Afrika\u2019n\u0131n bu maden bak\u0131m\u0131ndan d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en \u00f6nemli ihracat\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 olaca\u011f\u0131 \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyor ve d\u00fcnya genelinde do\u011fal grafit ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fczde 40\u2019\u0131n\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131layabilir ki, yak\u0131n gelecekte y\u00fczde 35\u2019lik bir paya inece\u011fi varsay\u0131lan \u00c7in\u2019in \u00f6n\u00fcne ge\u00e7ecek.\u00a0<\/span><\/p> \u00a0<\/span><\/p> BATARYADAN \u0130LACA\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><\/p> \u00a0<\/span><\/p> Grafit; elektrik bataryalar\u0131nda, \u00e7elik ve elektrometal\u00fcrji sanayinde, elektrik cihazlar\u0131n\u0131n elektrotlar\u0131nda, elektronik malzeme ve kur\u015fun kalem yap\u0131m\u0131nda, izole tesislerinde, yar\u0131 iletkenlerde, LED yap\u0131m\u0131nda, motorlarda ve jenerat\u00f6r f\u0131r\u00e7alar\u0131nda, lityum-iyon temelli pil sanayinde, u\u00e7ak ve belirli jet motor par\u00e7alar\u0131nda, spor malzemelerinde, \u00e7elik ve \u00e7eli\u011fe karbon sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131 olarak otomobillerde, n\u00fckleer reakt\u00f6rlerde ve ila\u00e7 \u00fcretiminde kullan\u0131l\u0131yor.\u00a0<\/span><\/p> \u00a0<\/span><\/p> GRAF\u0130T \u0130\u00c7\u0130N YATIRIM YARI\u015eINDALAR<\/span><\/strong><\/p> \u00a0 Madencili\u011fin, Afrika \u00fclkelerinin GSYH\u2019lerinde \u00f6nemli bir pay\u0131 bulunuyor. 2005-2012 aras\u0131 y\u00fczde 14 iken, 2013-2021 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda y\u00fczde 25 oldu. Zambiya, Kongo Demokratik Cumhuriyeti, Moritanya, Gine, Mali ve Burkina Faso gibi \u00fclkelerdeki pay\u0131 y\u00fczde 50 civar\u0131nda. 2010\u2019lu y\u0131llar, Afrika madenlerinin k\u0131ymet bak\u0131m\u0131ndan \u00e7ok\u00e7a arand\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir d\u00f6nemdi. K\u0131tada madencilik alan\u0131n\u0131n daha serbest hale gelmesinde, y\u00fckselen alt\u0131n fiyatlar\u0131, Kanada ve Avustralya gibi \u00fclkelerin madencilik konusunda yeni teknolojileri geli\u015ftirmelerinin pay\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fck. Dahas\u0131 bak\u0131r, kobalt, elmas, manganez, boksit, demir, titanyum ve \u00e7inko gibi metaller ve 2020\u2019den itibaren grafit, platin, nadir toprak elementleri ve lityum, uluslararas\u0131 yat\u0131r\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131 bu k\u0131taya a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 derecede \u00e7ekti. \u00c7in, Birle\u015fik Arap Emirlikleri, Hindistan, Rusya, ABD, Kanada, Japonya, G\u00fcney Kore, T\u00fcrkiye ve Fas gibi \u00fclkeler k\u0131yas\u0131ya bir yat\u0131r\u0131m yar\u0131\u015f\u0131nda.\u00a0<\/span><\/p> \u00a0<\/span><\/p> T\u00dcRK\u0130YE\u2019DE 90 M\u0130LYON TON<\/span><\/strong><\/p> \u00a0<\/span><\/p> Grafit madeninin kullan\u0131m alan\u0131 olduk\u00e7a geni\u015f. \u00dclkemizde de son y\u0131llarda demir-\u00e7elik \u00fcretiminde fabrikalar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n \u00f6nemli ihtiya\u00e7 maddelerinden grafit elektrotlar\u0131n\u0131 ithal ediyoruz. T\u00fcrkiye, \u00f6nemli grafit \u00fcretici \u00fclke de\u011filse de 90 milyon ton oldu\u011fu tahmin edilen yataklara sahip. Her ne kadar 1941 y\u0131l\u0131ndan itibaren Kastamonu-Abana, Yozgat-Akda\u011fmadeni, Bal\u0131kesir-Band\u0131rma, Mu\u011fla-Milas, K\u00fctahya-Alt\u0131nta\u015f, Ad\u0131yaman-Sincik, \u0130zmir-Tire, \u0130stanbul-\u00c7atalca, Konya-Derbent, Ayd\u0131n-Germencik ve Artvin \u00e7evresi gibi 22 ayr\u0131 b\u00f6lgede maden yataklar\u0131 varsa da bir k\u0131sm\u0131nda \u00fcretmeye giri\u015fsek de yeterli yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131 yapamad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z i\u00e7in d\u0131\u015fa ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z devam ediyor. Ekonomik olmalar\u0131 i\u00e7in en az y\u00fczde 5 oran\u0131nda grafit ihtiva etmeleri gerekiyor.\u00a0<\/span><\/p> \u00a0 MADAGASKAR REZERVDE 26 M\u0130LYON TONLA \u0130LK SIRADA<\/span><\/strong><\/p> \u00a0<\/span><\/p> Afrika\u2019da Madagaskar 26 milyon ton, Mozambik 25 milyon ton ve Tanzanya 18 milyon ton ile Malavi hari\u00e7 70 milyon tona yak\u0131n rezervleri var. D\u00fcnyada 2016\u2019da 2.45 milyon ton grafit t\u00fcketilmi\u015fti. Bunun 950 bini do\u011fal,\u00a0<\/span><\/p> 1.5 milyon tonu ise sentetik. 2023\u2019te \u00fclkelerin grafit \u00fcretimi \u015f\u00f6yle:<\/span><\/p> \u00a0<\/span><\/p> \u00c7\u0130N, 93 B\u0130N TONLA \u0130THALATTA BA\u015eI \u00c7EK\u0130YOR<\/strong><\/span><\/p> D\u00fcnya genelinde ithalat\u00e7\u0131 \u00fclkelere gelince yine \u00c7in\u00a0<\/span><\/p> 93 bin tonla ba\u015f\u0131 \u00e7ekiyor. Kanada 85 bin ton, ABD\u00a0<\/span>73 bin ton, Hindistan ve G\u00fcney Kore 52 bin ton, Japonya 51 bin ton, Almanya 48 bin ton, Hollanda 15 bin ton ve Polonya 14 bin ton grafit t\u00fcketti.\u00a0<\/span><\/p> \u00a0<\/span><\/p> G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde 330 milyon ton do\u011fal grafit kayna\u011f\u0131 var. Bunlardan her y\u0131l \u00c7in 850 bin ton, Mozambik 170 bin ton, Madagaskar\u00a0<\/span>110 bin ton, Brezilya 87 bin ton, Rusya 15 bin ton, Kanada 13 bin ton, Norve\u00e7\u00a0<\/span><\/p> 10 bin ton, Hindistan 8.3 ton, Kuzey Kore 8.1 ton, Ukrayna 3 ton ve di\u011fer \u00fclkeler toplam 21.6 bin ton \u00fcretim yapt\u0131. E\u011fer T\u00fcrkiye 90 milyon ton, \u00c7in 74 milyon ton ve Brezilya 54 milyon ton kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131 tam de\u011ferlendirebilirlerse d\u00fcnyada y\u00fczde 66\u2019l\u0131k bir do\u011fal grafit \u00fcretim kapasiteleri var demektir.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>","slug":"teknolojinin-gelecegi-afrikanin-grafitinde-","orjinalimage":"\/front\/uploads\/blog\/thumbnail\/1721595600NHBTwT6L0OTF7Z0.webp","news_cover_min":"\/front\/uploads\/blog\/thumbnail\/1721595600NHBTwT6L0OTF7Z0.webp","news_cover":null,"news_video_min":null,"news_video":null,"cropped_638x552":null,"cropped_310x208":null,"cropped_416x247":null,"cropped_197x247":null,"cropped_416x600":null,"cropped_1200x675":null,"tags":null,"meta_title":null,"meta_description":null,"meta_keywords":null,"view_count":2133,"yt":0,"ytid":"","ytimage":null,"imgdate":"2000-01-01 00:00:00","cuff_cover":null,"cropped_358x214":null,"cropped_842x474":null}]}}![](\"https:\/\/istanbulticaretgazetesi.com\/Archive\/Content\/caeb8dfaed63891ebf2e92508c3e3d5590549507.webp\")
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