{"status":true,"post":{"id":18663,"user_id":10,"status":1,"type":1,"orde":null,"notification_type":3,"static_post":0,"published_at":"2022-10-24 13:15:48","created_at":"2018-07-01T21:00:00.000000Z","updated_at":"2022-10-24T10:15:48.000000Z","edited_at":"2024-12-17 22:35:21","source_id":null,"post_id":18663,"is_featured":0,"title":"Korumac\u0131l\u0131k i\u015fi ciddiyet kazan\u0131yor","slider_title":null,"slider_title_2":null,"slider_spot_title":null,"slider_spot_title_2":null,"home_title":null,"sub_title":null,"category_id":73,"description":null,"content":" \t\t\t\t\t \t\t\t\t\t

ABD\u2019nin tutumu y\u00fcz\u00fcnden d\u00fcnya ticareti \u00fczerinde kara bulutlar dola\u015fmaya ba\u015flad\u0131. ABD\u2019nin yeni y\u00f6netimi 1980\u2019lerden itibaren olu\u015fturulan serbest ticaret kurallar\u0131na ve mevcut anla\u015fmalara ra\u011fmen giderek korumac\u0131 ve k\u0131s\u0131tlay\u0131c\u0131 bir ticaret politikas\u0131 uygulamaya ba\u015flad\u0131. <\/span><\/p>

1. K\u00dcRESELLE\u015eME VE SERBEST T\u0130CARET KAP\u0130TAL\u0130ST S\u0130STEM\u0130N KURTARICISI OLDU <\/strong><\/span><\/p>

1973 y\u0131l\u0131nda ya\u015fanan petrol krizi ve sonras\u0131nda ya\u015fanan uzun s\u00fcreli stagflasyon d\u00f6neminden d\u00fcnya yeni liberal politikalar ile \u00e7\u0131kabildi. ABD\u2019de Reagan, \u0130ngiltere\u2019de Thatcher bu politikalar\u0131n \u00f6nc\u00fcs\u00fc olarak piyasa ekonomisini ve daha da \u00f6nemlisi serbest ticareti benimsedi. Bu \u00e7er\u00e7evede d\u00fcnya ticaretinde serbestle\u015fmeyi \u00f6ng\u00f6ren \u00e7ok tarafl\u0131 ticaret g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmelerine de h\u0131z verildi. 1989 y\u0131l\u0131nda Do\u011fu blokunun \u00e7\u00f6kmesi ile birlikte Washington uzla\u015fmas\u0131 t\u00fcm d\u00fcnyada serbest piyasa ekonomisini ve serbest ticareti adeta tek se\u00e7enek olarak ilan etti. Eski do\u011fu bloku \u00fclkeleri ba\u015fta olmak \u00fczere artan say\u0131da \u00fclke ticari ve finansal a\u00e7\u0131dan k\u00fcresel pazarlar ile b\u00fct\u00fcnle\u015fmeye y\u00f6neldi. <\/span><\/p>

2. \u00c7OK TARAFLI T\u0130CARET ANLA\u015eMASI D\u00dcNYA T\u0130CARET\u0130NDE SI\u00c7RAMAYA YOL A\u00c7TI <\/strong><\/span><\/p>

\u00c7ok tarafl\u0131 ticaret g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmeleri de nihayete edi ve 2005 y\u0131l\u0131nda kotalar\u0131n ve tarifelerin kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 hedefleyen GATT anla\u015fmas\u0131 imzalanarak y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclmesi i\u00e7in D\u00fcnya Ticaret \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc kuruldu. 2005 y\u0131l\u0131ndan itibaren d\u00fcnya ticaretinde b\u00fcy\u00fcme giderek h\u0131zland\u0131. \u00c7ok tarafl\u0131 bu anla\u015fman\u0131n ard\u0131ndan bu kez b\u00f6lgesel ticaret anla\u015fmalar\u0131 \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131kmaya ba\u015flad\u0131. Trans Pasifik Ticaret Otakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile Trans Atlantik Ticaret Ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi iki b\u00fcy\u00fck b\u00f6lgesel ticaret ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 olu\u015fturulmas\u0131 konusunda \u00f6nemli yol al\u0131nd\u0131. D\u00fcnya ticaretinin serbestle\u015fme d\u00f6neminde bir ba\u015fka \u00f6nemli geli\u015fme daha ya\u015fand\u0131. Bu da geli\u015fmi\u015f \u00fclkelerin sanayide \u00fcretimi azaltmas\u0131 ve sanayinin geli\u015fen \u00fclkelere kaymas\u0131 oldu. Geli\u015fmi\u015f \u00fclkeler kendileri \u00fcretmektense daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck maliyetler ile \u00fcretim yapan \u00fclkelerden hem nihai \u00fcr\u00fcnleri hem de ara mal\u0131 girdilerini tedarik etmeyi tercih ettiler. K\u00fcresel \u00f6l\u00e7ekte ticaretin serbestle\u015fmesi de buna olanak sa\u011flad\u0131.<\/span><\/p>

3. T\u0130CARETTE SERBESTLE\u015eME ABD\u2019YE YARAMADI <\/strong><\/span><\/p>

Bu e\u011filimler sonucu d\u00fcnyada iki ana grup olu\u015ftu. Bunlardan ilki ba\u015fta ABD olmak \u00fczere, \u0130ngiltere, Avustralya, Kanada gibi y\u00fcksek cari a\u00e7\u0131k veren geli\u015fmi\u015f \u00fclkeler. Di\u011fer yanda ise \u00c7in ile Almanya, Japonya, G\u00fcney Kore gibi y\u00fcksek cari fazla veren \u00fclkeler. 2008 k\u00fcresel krizinden sonra da bu dengesizlik b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde devam etti. ABD k\u00fcresel kriz sonras\u0131 uygulad\u0131\u011f\u0131 geni\u015fletici politikalar ile hem kendi ekonomisinde yeniden b\u00fcy\u00fcme ve istihdam\u0131 sa\u011flad\u0131, hem de d\u00fcnyan\u0131n geri kalan\u0131 i\u00e7in de talep yaratarak krizden \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015flar\u0131na katk\u0131 verdi. K\u00fcresel kriz sonras\u0131 <\/span>
iki d\u00f6nem g\u00f6rev yapan Obama y\u00f6netimi ticaretin daha da serbestle\u015fmesinden yana politikalar uygulad\u0131. <\/span><\/p>

4. ABD\u2019DE YEN\u0130 Y\u00d6NET\u0130M K\u00dcRESEL SERBEST T\u0130CARET\u0130N MEVCUT HAL\u0130NE KAR\u015eI \u00c7IKIYOR <\/strong><\/span><\/p>

2016 y\u0131l\u0131nda Ba\u015fkan se\u00e7ilen ve 2017 y\u0131l\u0131nda g\u00f6reve ba\u015flayan Trump y\u00f6netimi ise serbest ticaretin ABD i\u00e7in daha adil hale getirilmesi politikas\u0131n\u0131 ilk g\u00fcnden uygulamaya koydu. Trump y\u00f6netimi ilke olarak serbest ticarete kar\u015f\u0131 de\u011fil, ancak mevcut yap\u0131lan t\u00fcm ticaret anla\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131n ABD aleyhine oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyor. Trump y\u00f6netimi bu \u00e7er\u00e7evede ilk i\u015f olarak Trans Pasifik Ticaret Ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 anla\u015fmas\u0131ndan \u00e7ekildi. Ayn\u0131 \u015fekilde Trans Atlantik Ticaret Ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmeleri buzdolab\u0131na kald\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131. Kanada ve Meksika ile yap\u0131lan NAFTA anla\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 ise yeniden m\u00fczakere etmeye ba\u015flad\u0131.<\/span><\/p>

5. ABD SON \u0130K\u0130 AYDA YO\u011eUN KORUMA \u00d6NLEMLER\u0130 ALIYOR <\/strong><\/span><\/p>

Trump y\u00f6netimi serbest ticareti tehdit eden ad\u0131mlar\u0131 ise son iki ay i\u00e7inde atm\u0131\u015f bulunuyor. ABD \u00f6ncelikle \u00c7in\u2019e kar\u015f\u0131 geni\u015f bir ithalat vergisi uygulamas\u0131 ba\u015flatt\u0131. \u00c7in de kar\u015f\u0131 ad\u0131mlar att\u0131. <\/span>
ABD ve \u00c7in kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 yeni koruma \u00f6nlemleri almaya devam ediyor. ABD ayr\u0131ca Kanada, Meksika ve AB \u00fclkelerine baz\u0131 metal \u00fcr\u00fcnlerinde ithalat vergisi uygulamaya ba\u015flad\u0131. Bu \u00fclkelerin tepkisi de gecikmedi. <\/span>
ABD, AB ve Asya\u2019dan ithal edilen otomobiller i\u00e7inde soru\u015fturma ba\u015flatt\u0131. ABD son olarak \u00c7in\u2019in ABD\u2019de ileri teknoloji ithalat\u0131na ve y\u00fcksek teknolojili \u015firketleri sat\u0131n almas\u0131na yasak getirdi. ABD, \u0130ran\u2019a da yo\u011fun yapt\u0131r\u0131mlar uygulayacak. ABD ile m\u00fcttefikleri ve d\u00fcnyan\u0131n geri kalan\u0131 aras\u0131ndaki derin g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f farkl\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131 k\u00fcresel serbest ticaret \u00fczerinde kara bulutlar\u0131n dola\u015fmas\u0131na yol a\u00e7\u0131yor. <\/span><\/p>

Son S\u00f6z:<\/strong> Trump\u2019\u0131n korumac\u0131 politikalar\u0131 k\u00fcresel kriz sonras\u0131 d\u00fcnya ekonomisinde ilk kez 2017 y\u0131l\u0131nda ba\u015flayan kal\u0131c\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fcmeyi de tehdit etmeye ba\u015flad\u0131.<\/span><\/p> \t\t\t\t","slug":"korumacilik-isi-ciddiyet-kazaniyor","tags":"K\u00f6\u015fe Yaz\u0131s\u0131","meta_title":"Korumac\u0131l\u0131k i\u015fi ciddiyet kazan\u0131yor","meta_description":"Dr. Can G\u00fcrlesel","meta_keywords":"K\u00f6\u015fe Yaz\u0131s\u0131","news_cover_min":null,"news_cover":null,"news_video_min":null,"news_video":null,"view_count":110,"cropped_1200x675":null,"user":{"id":10,"name":"CAN","surname":"G\u00dcRLESEL","email":"durmaz.umran@superposta.com","slug":"dr-can-gurlesel","avatar":"\/front\/uploads\/avatar\/17336916008P5QTYWdQ2pLpLn.webp","status":1,"role":1,"email_verified_at":null,"orde":null,"created_at":"2022-09-15T09:39:41.000000Z","updated_at":"2024-12-18T09:51:00.000000Z","seo_title":null,"seo_description":null},"translations":[{"id":18762,"is_featured":0,"is_amp":0,"is_ads":0,"ads_link":null,"post_id":18663,"locale":"tr","category_id":73,"title":"Korumac\u0131l\u0131k i\u015fi ciddiyet kazan\u0131yor","home_title":null,"sub_title":null,"slider_title":null,"slider_title_2":null,"slider_spot_title":null,"slider_spot_title_2":null,"subtitleuse":0,"description":null,"content":" \t\t\t\t\t \t\t\t\t\t

ABD\u2019nin tutumu y\u00fcz\u00fcnden d\u00fcnya ticareti \u00fczerinde kara bulutlar dola\u015fmaya ba\u015flad\u0131. ABD\u2019nin yeni y\u00f6netimi 1980\u2019lerden itibaren olu\u015fturulan serbest ticaret kurallar\u0131na ve mevcut anla\u015fmalara ra\u011fmen giderek korumac\u0131 ve k\u0131s\u0131tlay\u0131c\u0131 bir ticaret politikas\u0131 uygulamaya ba\u015flad\u0131. <\/span><\/p>

1. K\u00dcRESELLE\u015eME VE SERBEST T\u0130CARET KAP\u0130TAL\u0130ST S\u0130STEM\u0130N KURTARICISI OLDU <\/strong><\/span><\/p>

1973 y\u0131l\u0131nda ya\u015fanan petrol krizi ve sonras\u0131nda ya\u015fanan uzun s\u00fcreli stagflasyon d\u00f6neminden d\u00fcnya yeni liberal politikalar ile \u00e7\u0131kabildi. ABD\u2019de Reagan, \u0130ngiltere\u2019de Thatcher bu politikalar\u0131n \u00f6nc\u00fcs\u00fc olarak piyasa ekonomisini ve daha da \u00f6nemlisi serbest ticareti benimsedi. Bu \u00e7er\u00e7evede d\u00fcnya ticaretinde serbestle\u015fmeyi \u00f6ng\u00f6ren \u00e7ok tarafl\u0131 ticaret g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmelerine de h\u0131z verildi. 1989 y\u0131l\u0131nda Do\u011fu blokunun \u00e7\u00f6kmesi ile birlikte Washington uzla\u015fmas\u0131 t\u00fcm d\u00fcnyada serbest piyasa ekonomisini ve serbest ticareti adeta tek se\u00e7enek olarak ilan etti. Eski do\u011fu bloku \u00fclkeleri ba\u015fta olmak \u00fczere artan say\u0131da \u00fclke ticari ve finansal a\u00e7\u0131dan k\u00fcresel pazarlar ile b\u00fct\u00fcnle\u015fmeye y\u00f6neldi. <\/span><\/p>

2. \u00c7OK TARAFLI T\u0130CARET ANLA\u015eMASI D\u00dcNYA T\u0130CARET\u0130NDE SI\u00c7RAMAYA YOL A\u00c7TI <\/strong><\/span><\/p>

\u00c7ok tarafl\u0131 ticaret g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmeleri de nihayete edi ve 2005 y\u0131l\u0131nda kotalar\u0131n ve tarifelerin kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 hedefleyen GATT anla\u015fmas\u0131 imzalanarak y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclmesi i\u00e7in D\u00fcnya Ticaret \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc kuruldu. 2005 y\u0131l\u0131ndan itibaren d\u00fcnya ticaretinde b\u00fcy\u00fcme giderek h\u0131zland\u0131. \u00c7ok tarafl\u0131 bu anla\u015fman\u0131n ard\u0131ndan bu kez b\u00f6lgesel ticaret anla\u015fmalar\u0131 \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131kmaya ba\u015flad\u0131. Trans Pasifik Ticaret Otakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile Trans Atlantik Ticaret Ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi iki b\u00fcy\u00fck b\u00f6lgesel ticaret ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 olu\u015fturulmas\u0131 konusunda \u00f6nemli yol al\u0131nd\u0131. D\u00fcnya ticaretinin serbestle\u015fme d\u00f6neminde bir ba\u015fka \u00f6nemli geli\u015fme daha ya\u015fand\u0131. Bu da geli\u015fmi\u015f \u00fclkelerin sanayide \u00fcretimi azaltmas\u0131 ve sanayinin geli\u015fen \u00fclkelere kaymas\u0131 oldu. Geli\u015fmi\u015f \u00fclkeler kendileri \u00fcretmektense daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck maliyetler ile \u00fcretim yapan \u00fclkelerden hem nihai \u00fcr\u00fcnleri hem de ara mal\u0131 girdilerini tedarik etmeyi tercih ettiler. K\u00fcresel \u00f6l\u00e7ekte ticaretin serbestle\u015fmesi de buna olanak sa\u011flad\u0131.<\/span><\/p>

3. T\u0130CARETTE SERBESTLE\u015eME ABD\u2019YE YARAMADI <\/strong><\/span><\/p>

Bu e\u011filimler sonucu d\u00fcnyada iki ana grup olu\u015ftu. Bunlardan ilki ba\u015fta ABD olmak \u00fczere, \u0130ngiltere, Avustralya, Kanada gibi y\u00fcksek cari a\u00e7\u0131k veren geli\u015fmi\u015f \u00fclkeler. Di\u011fer yanda ise \u00c7in ile Almanya, Japonya, G\u00fcney Kore gibi y\u00fcksek cari fazla veren \u00fclkeler. 2008 k\u00fcresel krizinden sonra da bu dengesizlik b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde devam etti. ABD k\u00fcresel kriz sonras\u0131 uygulad\u0131\u011f\u0131 geni\u015fletici politikalar ile hem kendi ekonomisinde yeniden b\u00fcy\u00fcme ve istihdam\u0131 sa\u011flad\u0131, hem de d\u00fcnyan\u0131n geri kalan\u0131 i\u00e7in de talep yaratarak krizden \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015flar\u0131na katk\u0131 verdi. K\u00fcresel kriz sonras\u0131 <\/span>
iki d\u00f6nem g\u00f6rev yapan Obama y\u00f6netimi ticaretin daha da serbestle\u015fmesinden yana politikalar uygulad\u0131. <\/span><\/p>

4. ABD\u2019DE YEN\u0130 Y\u00d6NET\u0130M K\u00dcRESEL SERBEST T\u0130CARET\u0130N MEVCUT HAL\u0130NE KAR\u015eI \u00c7IKIYOR <\/strong><\/span><\/p>

2016 y\u0131l\u0131nda Ba\u015fkan se\u00e7ilen ve 2017 y\u0131l\u0131nda g\u00f6reve ba\u015flayan Trump y\u00f6netimi ise serbest ticaretin ABD i\u00e7in daha adil hale getirilmesi politikas\u0131n\u0131 ilk g\u00fcnden uygulamaya koydu. Trump y\u00f6netimi ilke olarak serbest ticarete kar\u015f\u0131 de\u011fil, ancak mevcut yap\u0131lan t\u00fcm ticaret anla\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131n ABD aleyhine oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyor. Trump y\u00f6netimi bu \u00e7er\u00e7evede ilk i\u015f olarak Trans Pasifik Ticaret Ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 anla\u015fmas\u0131ndan \u00e7ekildi. Ayn\u0131 \u015fekilde Trans Atlantik Ticaret Ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmeleri buzdolab\u0131na kald\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131. Kanada ve Meksika ile yap\u0131lan NAFTA anla\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 ise yeniden m\u00fczakere etmeye ba\u015flad\u0131.<\/span><\/p>

5. ABD SON \u0130K\u0130 AYDA YO\u011eUN KORUMA \u00d6NLEMLER\u0130 ALIYOR <\/strong><\/span><\/p>

Trump y\u00f6netimi serbest ticareti tehdit eden ad\u0131mlar\u0131 ise son iki ay i\u00e7inde atm\u0131\u015f bulunuyor. ABD \u00f6ncelikle \u00c7in\u2019e kar\u015f\u0131 geni\u015f bir ithalat vergisi uygulamas\u0131 ba\u015flatt\u0131. \u00c7in de kar\u015f\u0131 ad\u0131mlar att\u0131. <\/span>
ABD ve \u00c7in kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 yeni koruma \u00f6nlemleri almaya devam ediyor. ABD ayr\u0131ca Kanada, Meksika ve AB \u00fclkelerine baz\u0131 metal \u00fcr\u00fcnlerinde ithalat vergisi uygulamaya ba\u015flad\u0131. Bu \u00fclkelerin tepkisi de gecikmedi. <\/span>
ABD, AB ve Asya\u2019dan ithal edilen otomobiller i\u00e7inde soru\u015fturma ba\u015flatt\u0131. ABD son olarak \u00c7in\u2019in ABD\u2019de ileri teknoloji ithalat\u0131na ve y\u00fcksek teknolojili \u015firketleri sat\u0131n almas\u0131na yasak getirdi. ABD, \u0130ran\u2019a da yo\u011fun yapt\u0131r\u0131mlar uygulayacak. ABD ile m\u00fcttefikleri ve d\u00fcnyan\u0131n geri kalan\u0131 aras\u0131ndaki derin g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f farkl\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131 k\u00fcresel serbest ticaret \u00fczerinde kara bulutlar\u0131n dola\u015fmas\u0131na yol a\u00e7\u0131yor. <\/span><\/p>

Son S\u00f6z:<\/strong> Trump\u2019\u0131n korumac\u0131 politikalar\u0131 k\u00fcresel kriz sonras\u0131 d\u00fcnya ekonomisinde ilk kez 2017 y\u0131l\u0131nda ba\u015flayan kal\u0131c\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fcmeyi de tehdit etmeye ba\u015flad\u0131.<\/span><\/p> \t\t\t\t","slug":"korumacilik-isi-ciddiyet-kazaniyor","orjinalimage":null,"news_cover_min":null,"news_cover":null,"news_video_min":null,"news_video":null,"cropped_638x552":null,"cropped_310x208":null,"cropped_416x247":null,"cropped_197x247":null,"cropped_416x600":null,"cropped_1200x675":null,"tags":"K\u00f6\u015fe Yaz\u0131s\u0131","meta_title":"Korumac\u0131l\u0131k i\u015fi ciddiyet kazan\u0131yor","meta_description":"Dr. Can G\u00fcrlesel","meta_keywords":"K\u00f6\u015fe Yaz\u0131s\u0131","view_count":110,"yt":0,"ytid":"","ytimage":null,"imgdate":"2000-01-01 00:00:00","cuff_cover":null,"cropped_358x214":null,"cropped_842x474":null}]}}