{"status":true,"post":{"id":20696,"user_id":2,"status":1,"type":1,"orde":null,"notification_type":3,"static_post":0,"published_at":"2022-10-24 13:55:24","created_at":"2019-07-25T21:00:00.000000Z","updated_at":"2022-10-24T10:55:24.000000Z","edited_at":"2024-12-17 22:35:21","source_id":null,"post_id":20696,"is_featured":0,"title":"D\u00fcnya gurbet\u00e7ilerinin yeni kap\u0131s\u0131 \u00c7in mi?","slider_title":null,"slider_title_2":null,"slider_spot_title":null,"slider_spot_title_2":null,"home_title":null,"sub_title":null,"category_id":73,"description":null,"content":"  \t\t\t\t\t  \t\t\t\t\t<p><span class=\"large\">Almanya, i\u015fg\u00fcc\u00fc s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131 nedeniyle 1955\u2019ten ba\u015flayarak \u2018gurbet\u00e7ilere\u2019 kap\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7t\u0131. B\u00f6yle bir \u015feye k\u00fclt\u00fcrel olarak hi\u00e7 de s\u0131cak bakmayan Japonlar, yeni i\u015fg\u00fcc\u00fc yasas\u0131yla \u00fclke kap\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 yabanc\u0131 i\u015fg\u00fcc\u00fcne aral\u0131yor. \u00c7in de ayn\u0131 yolda g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcyor.<\/span><\/p>  <p><span class=\"large\">Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler tahminlerine g\u00f6re \u00c7in\u2019in n\u00fcfusu 2030 dolaylar\u0131nda -art\u0131 eksi \u00fc\u00e7-be\u015f y\u0131l- azalmaya ba\u015flayacak. \u00c7in \u0130statistik B\u00fcrosu verilerine g\u00f6re \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma \u00e7a\u011f\u0131ndaki n\u00fcfus 2012\u2019den bu yana her y\u0131l birka\u00e7 milyon ki\u015fi azal\u0131yor. <\/span><\/p>  <p><span class=\"large\">Bu durum toplam do\u011furganl\u0131k oran\u0131ndaki \u2013 ortalamada kad\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131na \u00e7ocuk say\u0131s\u0131- d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015ften kaynaklan\u0131yor. \u00c7in\u2019de 60\u2019lar\u0131n ortalar\u0131nda ortalama olarak her kad\u0131n 6.4 \u00e7ocuk sahibi olurken bug\u00fcn bu rakam 1.6 dolay\u0131na d\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015f. Oran 2.1\u2019in alt\u0131na d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce n\u00fcfusun zaman i\u00e7inde d\u00fc\u015fmeye ba\u015flamas\u0131 ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmaz oluyor. <\/span><\/p>  <p><span class=\"large\">Toplam do\u011furganl\u0131k oran\u0131nda d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f \u00c7in\u2019e \u00f6zg\u00fc bir olgu de\u011fil. Bu oran d\u00fcnya genelinde 1960\u2019larda 5 dolay\u0131nda iken, bug\u00fcn bunun yar\u0131s\u0131na inmi\u015f. Oran ayn\u0131 d\u00f6nemde Japonya\u2019da 2.4\u2019ten 1.4\u2019e, Kore\u2019de 5 dolaylar\u0131ndan 1 dolaylar\u0131na, ABD\u2019de 3\u2019\u00fcn \u00fcst\u00fcnden 1.8 dolaylar\u0131na d\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015f bulunuyor. Zaman i\u00e7inde, ekonomik ve toplumsak ko\u015fullar ve buna ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak \u00e7ocuk sahibi olman\u0131n fayda-maliyetinde de\u011fi\u015fime ko\u015fut olarak bu oran d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcyor.<\/span><span class=\"large\">Ancak \u00c7in\u2019de bu oran, \u00fclkede uygulanan n\u00fcfus kontrol politikalar\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak normal olarak beklenenden \u00f6nce ve h\u0131zl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti. <\/span><\/p>  <p><span class=\"large\">\u00dclke do\u011furganl\u0131k oran\u0131 70\u2019lerde uygulanan ikna etmeye dayal\u0131 politikalarla 2.5 dolay\u0131na d\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. 1980\u2019den ba\u015flayarak ise \u00e7ift ba\u015f\u0131na \u00e7ocuk say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 1 ile s\u0131n\u0131rlayan bir politika uygulamaya konuldu. Bu politikalar do\u011furganl\u0131k oran\u0131n\u0131 1.6 dolay\u0131na d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrd\u00fc ve \u00fclkeyi i\u00e7inde bulundu\u011fu n\u00fcfus ve i\u015fg\u00fcc\u00fc azalma rotas\u0131na soktu. \u00dclke y\u00f6netimi \u00e7ocuk s\u0131n\u0131rlamas\u0131n\u0131 birden ikiye y\u00fckseltti, yak\u0131nda da b\u00fcy\u00fck olas\u0131l\u0131kla b\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcyle kald\u0131racak. Ancak zaten d\u00fc\u015fme e\u011filiminde olan do\u011furganl\u0131k oran\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc m\u00fc y\u00fckseltmek kolay de\u011fil, y\u00fckselse bile bunun i\u015fg\u00fcc\u00fc \u00fczerindeki etkiler ancak 20 y\u0131l sonra kendisini g\u00f6sterecek.<\/span><\/p>  <p><span class=\"large\">Bu, \u00c7in ekonomisinin bir felaketle kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya oldu\u011fu anlam\u0131na gelmiyor. Her \u015feyden \u00f6nce, \u00c7in\u2019de h\u00e2l\u00e2 tar\u0131m sekt\u00f6r\u00fcnden sanayiye kayabilecek b\u00fcy\u00fck bir i\u015fg\u00fcc\u00fc bulunuyor. \u00dclkede tar\u0131m, piyasa ekonomisine ge\u00e7i\u015f d\u00f6neminin bir miras\u0131 olarak b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde \u00e7ok k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7ekli aile \u00fcretimine dayan\u0131yor. Bunun sonucu olarak tar\u0131msal istihdam toplam istihdam\u0131n y\u00fczde 27 gibi \u00e7ok bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc olu\u015fturuyor. Tar\u0131msal reform \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak bunun d\u00fc\u015fmesi tar\u0131m sekt\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcn sanayi sekt\u00f6r\u00fc i\u00e7in daha bir s\u00fcre i\u015fg\u00fcc\u00fc deposu i\u015flevi g\u00f6rmesi olas\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcyor.<\/span><\/p>  <p><span class=\"large\">\u00d6te yandan bir ekonomi azalan i\u015fg\u00fcc\u00fcyle de artan i\u015fg\u00fcc\u00fc verimlili\u011fine ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak b\u00fcy\u00fcyebilir. \u00c7in ekonomisinde i\u015fg\u00fcc\u00fc verimlili\u011fi geli\u015fmi\u015f sanayi \u00fclkelerinin hala \u00e7ok gerisinde, dolay\u0131s\u0131yla artma potansiyeline sahip bulunuyor ve b\u00fcy\u00fck bir h\u0131zla da b\u00fcy\u00fcyor. \u00c7in\u2019in g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck sanayi robotu pazar\u0131 konumuna gelmi\u015f olmas\u0131 da bu y\u00f6ndeki \u00e7abalar\u0131n bir yans\u0131mas\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturuyor.<\/span><\/p>  <p><span class=\"large\">Di\u011fer \u00fclkeler i\u00e7in bunlar\u0131n anlam\u0131: \u00c7in\u2019in ucuz i\u015fg\u00fcc\u00fcne dayal\u0131 rekabet d\u00f6neminin kapan\u0131\u015f\u0131 uzak de\u011fil; \u00c7in ucuz i\u015fg\u00fcc\u00fc i\u00e7in kap\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 \u00e7alabilir; n\u00fcfus yap\u0131s\u0131ndaki de\u011fi\u015fikliklere ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak \u00fclkede sa\u011fl\u0131k ve ya\u015fl\u0131 bak\u0131m\u0131 hizmetlerinde i\u015f olanaklar\u0131 h\u0131zla artacak.<\/span><\/p>  \t\t\t\t","slug":"dunya-gurbetcilerinin-yeni-kapisi-cin-mi","tags":"K\u00f6\u015fe Yaz\u0131s\u0131","meta_title":"D\u00fcnya gurbet\u00e7ilerinin yeni kap\u0131s\u0131 \u00c7in mi?","meta_description":"Fatih Oktay","meta_keywords":"K\u00f6\u015fe Yaz\u0131s\u0131","news_cover_min":null,"news_cover":null,"news_video_min":null,"news_video":null,"view_count":1087,"cropped_1200x675":null,"user":{"id":2,"name":"FAT\u0130H","surname":"OKTAY","email":"ozansoy.tuna@akay.com","slug":"fatih-oktay","avatar":"\/front\/uploads\/avatar\/1733691600qSRn7kb3ZZVHU3t.webp","status":1,"role":1,"email_verified_at":null,"orde":null,"created_at":"2022-09-15T09:39:41.000000Z","updated_at":"2024-12-18T14:51:22.000000Z","seo_title":null,"seo_description":null},"translations":[{"id":20795,"is_featured":0,"is_amp":0,"is_ads":0,"ads_link":null,"post_id":20696,"locale":"tr","category_id":73,"title":"D\u00fcnya gurbet\u00e7ilerinin yeni kap\u0131s\u0131 \u00c7in mi?","home_title":null,"sub_title":null,"slider_title":null,"slider_title_2":null,"slider_spot_title":null,"slider_spot_title_2":null,"subtitleuse":0,"description":null,"content":"  \t\t\t\t\t  \t\t\t\t\t<p><span class=\"large\">Almanya, i\u015fg\u00fcc\u00fc s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131 nedeniyle 1955\u2019ten ba\u015flayarak \u2018gurbet\u00e7ilere\u2019 kap\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7t\u0131. B\u00f6yle bir \u015feye k\u00fclt\u00fcrel olarak hi\u00e7 de s\u0131cak bakmayan Japonlar, yeni i\u015fg\u00fcc\u00fc yasas\u0131yla \u00fclke kap\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 yabanc\u0131 i\u015fg\u00fcc\u00fcne aral\u0131yor. \u00c7in de ayn\u0131 yolda g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcyor.<\/span><\/p>  <p><span class=\"large\">Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler tahminlerine g\u00f6re \u00c7in\u2019in n\u00fcfusu 2030 dolaylar\u0131nda -art\u0131 eksi \u00fc\u00e7-be\u015f y\u0131l- azalmaya ba\u015flayacak. \u00c7in \u0130statistik B\u00fcrosu verilerine g\u00f6re \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma \u00e7a\u011f\u0131ndaki n\u00fcfus 2012\u2019den bu yana her y\u0131l birka\u00e7 milyon ki\u015fi azal\u0131yor. <\/span><\/p>  <p><span class=\"large\">Bu durum toplam do\u011furganl\u0131k oran\u0131ndaki \u2013 ortalamada kad\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131na \u00e7ocuk say\u0131s\u0131- d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015ften kaynaklan\u0131yor. \u00c7in\u2019de 60\u2019lar\u0131n ortalar\u0131nda ortalama olarak her kad\u0131n 6.4 \u00e7ocuk sahibi olurken bug\u00fcn bu rakam 1.6 dolay\u0131na d\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015f. Oran 2.1\u2019in alt\u0131na d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce n\u00fcfusun zaman i\u00e7inde d\u00fc\u015fmeye ba\u015flamas\u0131 ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmaz oluyor. <\/span><\/p>  <p><span class=\"large\">Toplam do\u011furganl\u0131k oran\u0131nda d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f \u00c7in\u2019e \u00f6zg\u00fc bir olgu de\u011fil. Bu oran d\u00fcnya genelinde 1960\u2019larda 5 dolay\u0131nda iken, bug\u00fcn bunun yar\u0131s\u0131na inmi\u015f. Oran ayn\u0131 d\u00f6nemde Japonya\u2019da 2.4\u2019ten 1.4\u2019e, Kore\u2019de 5 dolaylar\u0131ndan 1 dolaylar\u0131na, ABD\u2019de 3\u2019\u00fcn \u00fcst\u00fcnden 1.8 dolaylar\u0131na d\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015f bulunuyor. Zaman i\u00e7inde, ekonomik ve toplumsak ko\u015fullar ve buna ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak \u00e7ocuk sahibi olman\u0131n fayda-maliyetinde de\u011fi\u015fime ko\u015fut olarak bu oran d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcyor.<\/span><span class=\"large\">Ancak \u00c7in\u2019de bu oran, \u00fclkede uygulanan n\u00fcfus kontrol politikalar\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak normal olarak beklenenden \u00f6nce ve h\u0131zl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti. <\/span><\/p>  <p><span class=\"large\">\u00dclke do\u011furganl\u0131k oran\u0131 70\u2019lerde uygulanan ikna etmeye dayal\u0131 politikalarla 2.5 dolay\u0131na d\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. 1980\u2019den ba\u015flayarak ise \u00e7ift ba\u015f\u0131na \u00e7ocuk say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 1 ile s\u0131n\u0131rlayan bir politika uygulamaya konuldu. Bu politikalar do\u011furganl\u0131k oran\u0131n\u0131 1.6 dolay\u0131na d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrd\u00fc ve \u00fclkeyi i\u00e7inde bulundu\u011fu n\u00fcfus ve i\u015fg\u00fcc\u00fc azalma rotas\u0131na soktu. \u00dclke y\u00f6netimi \u00e7ocuk s\u0131n\u0131rlamas\u0131n\u0131 birden ikiye y\u00fckseltti, yak\u0131nda da b\u00fcy\u00fck olas\u0131l\u0131kla b\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcyle kald\u0131racak. Ancak zaten d\u00fc\u015fme e\u011filiminde olan do\u011furganl\u0131k oran\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc m\u00fc y\u00fckseltmek kolay de\u011fil, y\u00fckselse bile bunun i\u015fg\u00fcc\u00fc \u00fczerindeki etkiler ancak 20 y\u0131l sonra kendisini g\u00f6sterecek.<\/span><\/p>  <p><span class=\"large\">Bu, \u00c7in ekonomisinin bir felaketle kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya oldu\u011fu anlam\u0131na gelmiyor. Her \u015feyden \u00f6nce, \u00c7in\u2019de h\u00e2l\u00e2 tar\u0131m sekt\u00f6r\u00fcnden sanayiye kayabilecek b\u00fcy\u00fck bir i\u015fg\u00fcc\u00fc bulunuyor. \u00dclkede tar\u0131m, piyasa ekonomisine ge\u00e7i\u015f d\u00f6neminin bir miras\u0131 olarak b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde \u00e7ok k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7ekli aile \u00fcretimine dayan\u0131yor. Bunun sonucu olarak tar\u0131msal istihdam toplam istihdam\u0131n y\u00fczde 27 gibi \u00e7ok bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc olu\u015fturuyor. Tar\u0131msal reform \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak bunun d\u00fc\u015fmesi tar\u0131m sekt\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcn sanayi sekt\u00f6r\u00fc i\u00e7in daha bir s\u00fcre i\u015fg\u00fcc\u00fc deposu i\u015flevi g\u00f6rmesi olas\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcyor.<\/span><\/p>  <p><span class=\"large\">\u00d6te yandan bir ekonomi azalan i\u015fg\u00fcc\u00fcyle de artan i\u015fg\u00fcc\u00fc verimlili\u011fine ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak b\u00fcy\u00fcyebilir. \u00c7in ekonomisinde i\u015fg\u00fcc\u00fc verimlili\u011fi geli\u015fmi\u015f sanayi \u00fclkelerinin hala \u00e7ok gerisinde, dolay\u0131s\u0131yla artma potansiyeline sahip bulunuyor ve b\u00fcy\u00fck bir h\u0131zla da b\u00fcy\u00fcyor. \u00c7in\u2019in g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck sanayi robotu pazar\u0131 konumuna gelmi\u015f olmas\u0131 da bu y\u00f6ndeki \u00e7abalar\u0131n bir yans\u0131mas\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturuyor.<\/span><\/p>  <p><span class=\"large\">Di\u011fer \u00fclkeler i\u00e7in bunlar\u0131n anlam\u0131: \u00c7in\u2019in ucuz i\u015fg\u00fcc\u00fcne dayal\u0131 rekabet d\u00f6neminin kapan\u0131\u015f\u0131 uzak de\u011fil; \u00c7in ucuz i\u015fg\u00fcc\u00fc i\u00e7in kap\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 \u00e7alabilir; n\u00fcfus yap\u0131s\u0131ndaki de\u011fi\u015fikliklere ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak \u00fclkede sa\u011fl\u0131k ve ya\u015fl\u0131 bak\u0131m\u0131 hizmetlerinde i\u015f olanaklar\u0131 h\u0131zla artacak.<\/span><\/p>  \t\t\t\t","slug":"dunya-gurbetcilerinin-yeni-kapisi-cin-mi","orjinalimage":null,"news_cover_min":null,"news_cover":null,"news_video_min":null,"news_video":null,"cropped_638x552":null,"cropped_310x208":null,"cropped_416x247":null,"cropped_197x247":null,"cropped_416x600":null,"cropped_1200x675":null,"tags":"K\u00f6\u015fe Yaz\u0131s\u0131","meta_title":"D\u00fcnya gurbet\u00e7ilerinin yeni kap\u0131s\u0131 \u00c7in mi?","meta_description":"Fatih Oktay","meta_keywords":"K\u00f6\u015fe Yaz\u0131s\u0131","view_count":1087,"yt":0,"ytid":"","ytimage":null,"imgdate":"2000-01-01 00:00:00","cuff_cover":null,"cropped_358x214":null,"cropped_842x474":null}]}}