{"status":true,"post":{"id":65619,"user_id":11,"status":1,"type":1,"orde":null,"notification_type":0,"static_post":0,"published_at":"2025-04-18 09:09:00","created_at":"2025-04-18T06:09:00.000000Z","updated_at":"2025-04-18T06:09:00.000000Z","edited_at":"2025-04-18 09:09:00","source_id":null,"post_id":65619,"is_featured":0,"title":"\u2018Dolar imparatorlu\u011fu\u2019 tehdit alt\u0131nda m\u0131?","slider_title":null,"slider_title_2":null,"slider_spot_title":null,"slider_spot_title_2":null,"home_title":"\u2018Dolar imparatorlu\u011fu\u2019 tehdit alt\u0131nda m\u0131?","sub_title":null,"category_id":73,"description":null,"content":"

\u0130kinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131 sonras\u0131nda, sava\u015ftan en g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc ekonomi olarak \u00e7\u0131kan ABD, uluslararas\u0131 sistemin kendi hegemonyas\u0131nda y\u00fcr\u00fcyece\u011fi bir uluslararas\u0131 ekonomik \u00e7evreyi in\u015fa etti. Bir tarafta IMF ve onun kontrol\u00fcnde Bretton Woods uluslararas\u0131 para sistemi, di\u011fer tarafta D\u00fcnya Bankas\u0131.\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>


<\/p>

Atlantik \u0130ttifak\u0131\u2019n\u0131n yeniden in\u015fas\u0131 i\u00e7in olu\u015fturdu\u011fu Marshall Yard\u0131m Plan\u0131\u2019ndan OECD do\u011fdu. Uluslararas\u0131 ticaretin serbest kurallar i\u00e7inde y\u00fcr\u00fcmesi ad\u0131na GATT\u2019\u0131 da olu\u015fturdu ki GATT, 1996\u2019da D\u00fcnya Ticaret Te\u015fkilat\u0131 oldu. T\u00fcm bu s\u00fcre\u00e7, ABD dolar\u0131n\u0131n rezerv para olaca\u011f\u0131, ABD\u2019nin t\u00fcm uluslararas\u0131 \u00f6demeler sistemine hakim olaca\u011f\u0131 bir d\u00f6nemi de ifade ediyordu.\u00a0<\/p>


<\/p>

Nitekim, 1945\u2019te alt\u0131n\u0131n d\u00fcnya merkez bankalar\u0131n\u0131n rezervlerindeki pay\u0131 y\u00fczde 70\u2019in \u00fczerinde iken, 1970\u2019e geldi\u011fimizde ABD dolar\u0131n\u0131n rezervlerdeki pay\u0131 y\u00fczde 60\u2019\u0131n \u00fczerine \u00e7\u0131karken, alt\u0131n\u0131n pay\u0131 y\u00fczde 30 civar\u0131na gerilemi\u015fti bile. 1999\u2019da dolar\u0131n rezervlerdeki pay\u0131 y\u00fczde 71 iken, bug\u00fcn ayn\u0131 pay y\u00fczde 59\u2019a gerilemi\u015f durumda.\u00a0<\/p>


<\/p>

Peki, \u2018dolar imparatorlu\u011fu\u2019 tehdit alt\u0131nda m\u0131? Kesinlikle, evet. En kritik nedenlerden biri, son 10 y\u0131lda ABD y\u00f6netimlerinin dolar\u0131 ve dolar cinsinden uluslararas\u0131 \u00f6deme sistemini art\u0131k bir \u2018silah\u2019, duru\u015funu, m\u00fccadelesini, kararlar\u0131n\u0131 be\u011fenmedi\u011fi \u00fclkelere kar\u015f\u0131 bir \u2018tehdit\u2019 unsuru olarak kullanmas\u0131. Bu \u2018hastal\u0131kl\u0131\u2019 tav\u0131r, k\u00fcresel g\u00fcney \u00fclkeleri nezdinde dolar bazl\u0131 \u00f6deme sistemine y\u00f6nelik \u2018alerji\u2019yi adeta kabartt\u0131.\u00a0<\/p>


<\/p>

Ayr\u0131ca k\u00fcresel ve b\u00f6lgesel jeopolitik gerilimlerde, ABD'nin BM kararlar\u0131na bile gerek g\u00f6rmeden uygulad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u2018haks\u0131z\u2019 ve \u2018adaletsiz\u2019 yapt\u0131r\u0131mlar ve ticaret politikalar\u0131, bir\u00e7ok \u00fclkeyi artan bir tempoyla dolar d\u0131\u015f\u0131 alternatiflere y\u00f6nlendirdi.<\/p>


<\/p>

\u00c7\u0130N\u2019\u0130N SINIR \u00d6TES\u0130 \u00d6DEME S\u0130STEM\u0130<\/strong><\/p>

\u00a0\u0130\u015fte tam da tart\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n alevlendi\u011fi bu d\u00f6nemde, AB\u2019nin ortak para birimi Euro, \u00c7in\u2019in yuan\u0131, Kanada ve Avustralya dolar\u0131 gibi \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131kan \u00fclkelerin para birimleri de merkez bankalar\u0131n\u0131n rezervlerindeki paylar\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131rd\u0131.\u00a0<\/p>


<\/p>

Bunun yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, son 10 y\u0131lda dijital para birimleri ve fintech teknolojilerine dair h\u0131zl\u0131 geli\u015fmeler, yeni finansal teknolojiler, rezerv para birimlerinin \u00e7e\u015fitlenmesini de kolayla\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131. Bununla birlikte, uluslararas\u0131 finans piyasalar\u0131ndaki i\u015flemlerin, emtia piyasalar\u0131ndaki i\u015flemlerin halen y\u00fczde 90\u2019a yak\u0131n\u0131 dolar cinsinden devam ediyor.\u00a0<\/p>


<\/p>

Rivayet o ki, petrol gibi stratejik bir emtiay\u0131 dolar d\u0131\u015f\u0131 para birimiyle fiyatland\u0131rmak isteyen kimi \u00fclke liderleri saf d\u0131\u015f\u0131 edildi. \u0130\u015fte tam da bu noktada, \u00c7in Merkez Bankas\u0131'n\u0131n (PBOC) dijital RMB (e-yuan diyelim) s\u0131n\u0131r \u00f6tesi \u00f6deme sistemini 10 ASEAN \u00fclkesi ve 6 Ortado\u011fu \u00fclkesine entegre etti\u011fini duyurmas\u0131, uluslararas\u0131 finans \u00e7evrelerinde ve ekonomi medyas\u0131nda geni\u015f yank\u0131 uyand\u0131rm\u0131\u015f durumda. Uluslararas\u0131 alanda bu ad\u0131m dolar\u0131n hakimiyetine meydan okuma olarak yank\u0131land\u0131.<\/p>


<\/p>

YEN\u0130 F\u0130NANSAL \u00c7A\u011eA HAZIRLANMA ZAMANI<\/strong><\/p>

S\u0131n\u0131r \u00f6tesi \u00f6demelerde mevcut SWIFT sistemi 3-5 g\u00fcnl\u00fck gecikmeye ger\u00e7ekle\u015firken, \u00c7in'in geli\u015ftirdi\u011fi \u2018dijital para k\u00f6pr\u00fcs\u00fc\u2019, transfer s\u00fcresini 7 saniyeye indirmi\u015f durumda. \u0130\u015flem klasik SWIFT sisteminde alt\u0131 arac\u0131 bankadan ge\u00e7erken, blokzincir \u00fczerinden an\u0131nda iletilmesi sayesinde, i\u015flem \u00fccretleri de y\u00fczde 98 d\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015f durumda.\u00a0<\/p>


<\/p>

ABD\u2019nin SWIFT sistemi \u00fczerinden kimi \u00fclkelere uygulad\u0131\u011f\u0131 yapt\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131 delecek, bay-pass edecek yeni bir uluslararas\u0131 \u00f6deme teknolojisinden, \u2018dolar imparatorlu\u011fu\u2019nu tehdit eden yeni bir \u2018dijital para k\u00f6pr\u00fcs\u00fc\u2019nden s\u00f6z ediyoruz.\u00a0<\/p>


<\/p>

2024'te ASEAN \u00fclkelerinin e-yuan ile ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirdi\u011fi s\u0131n\u0131r \u00f6tesi i\u015flemler y\u00fczde 120 art\u0131\u015fla 5.8 trilyon yuan\u0131 a\u015ft\u0131. Malezya ve Singapur gibi \u00fclkeler e-yuan\u0131 resmi rezervlerine eklerken, Tayland ilk petrol al\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 yine e-yuanla ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirdi. Uluslararas\u0131 \u00f6demeler bankas\u0131 BIS, \u00c7in\u2019in dijital para \u00e7a\u011f\u0131n\u0131n kurallar\u0131n\u0131 belirledi\u011fi yorumunu payla\u015ft\u0131. Kendimizi yeni bir finansal \u00e7a\u011fa, belki de \u2018Bretton Woods 2.0\u2019a haz\u0131rlama zaman\u0131.<\/p>


<\/p>","slug":"dolar-imparatorlugu-tehdit-altinda-mi","tags":null,"meta_title":"\u2018Dolar imparatorlu\u011fu\u2019 tehdit alt\u0131nda m\u0131?","meta_description":"\u0130kinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131 sonras\u0131nda, sava\u015ftan en g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc ekonomi olarak \u00e7\u0131kan ABD, uluslararas\u0131 sistemin kendi hegemonyas\u0131nda y\u00fcr\u00fcyece\u011fi bir uluslararas\u0131 ekonomik \u00e7evreyi in\u015fa etti. Bir tarafta IMF ve onun kontrol\u00fcnde Bretton Woods uluslararas\u0131 para sistemi, di\u011fer tarafta D\u00fcnya Bankas\u0131.","meta_keywords":null,"news_cover_min":"\/front\/uploads\/blog\/thumbnail\/17449236009S0zdCqYmqNRA6G.webp","news_cover":null,"news_video_min":null,"news_video":null,"view_count":0,"cropped_1200x675":"\/front\/uploads\/haber\/1200x675\/dolar-imparatorlugu-tehdit-altinda-mi_1200x675_hexDK4lNfj.webp","user":{"id":11,"name":"KEREM","surname":"ALK\u0130N","email":"irem05@daglaroglu.com","slug":"prof-dr-kerem-alkin","avatar":"\/front\/uploads\/avatar\/17336916000GNrERW0ucj2Ja7.webp","status":1,"role":1,"email_verified_at":null,"orde":null,"created_at":"2022-09-15T09:39:41.000000Z","updated_at":"2024-12-18T09:50:43.000000Z","seo_title":null,"seo_description":null},"translations":[{"id":65752,"is_featured":0,"is_amp":0,"is_ads":0,"ads_link":null,"post_id":65619,"locale":"tr","category_id":73,"title":"\u2018Dolar imparatorlu\u011fu\u2019 tehdit alt\u0131nda m\u0131?","home_title":"\u2018Dolar imparatorlu\u011fu\u2019 tehdit alt\u0131nda m\u0131?","sub_title":null,"slider_title":null,"slider_title_2":null,"slider_spot_title":null,"slider_spot_title_2":null,"subtitleuse":0,"description":null,"content":"

\u0130kinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131 sonras\u0131nda, sava\u015ftan en g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc ekonomi olarak \u00e7\u0131kan ABD, uluslararas\u0131 sistemin kendi hegemonyas\u0131nda y\u00fcr\u00fcyece\u011fi bir uluslararas\u0131 ekonomik \u00e7evreyi in\u015fa etti. Bir tarafta IMF ve onun kontrol\u00fcnde Bretton Woods uluslararas\u0131 para sistemi, di\u011fer tarafta D\u00fcnya Bankas\u0131.\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>


<\/p>

Atlantik \u0130ttifak\u0131\u2019n\u0131n yeniden in\u015fas\u0131 i\u00e7in olu\u015fturdu\u011fu Marshall Yard\u0131m Plan\u0131\u2019ndan OECD do\u011fdu. Uluslararas\u0131 ticaretin serbest kurallar i\u00e7inde y\u00fcr\u00fcmesi ad\u0131na GATT\u2019\u0131 da olu\u015fturdu ki GATT, 1996\u2019da D\u00fcnya Ticaret Te\u015fkilat\u0131 oldu. T\u00fcm bu s\u00fcre\u00e7, ABD dolar\u0131n\u0131n rezerv para olaca\u011f\u0131, ABD\u2019nin t\u00fcm uluslararas\u0131 \u00f6demeler sistemine hakim olaca\u011f\u0131 bir d\u00f6nemi de ifade ediyordu.\u00a0<\/p>


<\/p>

Nitekim, 1945\u2019te alt\u0131n\u0131n d\u00fcnya merkez bankalar\u0131n\u0131n rezervlerindeki pay\u0131 y\u00fczde 70\u2019in \u00fczerinde iken, 1970\u2019e geldi\u011fimizde ABD dolar\u0131n\u0131n rezervlerdeki pay\u0131 y\u00fczde 60\u2019\u0131n \u00fczerine \u00e7\u0131karken, alt\u0131n\u0131n pay\u0131 y\u00fczde 30 civar\u0131na gerilemi\u015fti bile. 1999\u2019da dolar\u0131n rezervlerdeki pay\u0131 y\u00fczde 71 iken, bug\u00fcn ayn\u0131 pay y\u00fczde 59\u2019a gerilemi\u015f durumda.\u00a0<\/p>


<\/p>

Peki, \u2018dolar imparatorlu\u011fu\u2019 tehdit alt\u0131nda m\u0131? Kesinlikle, evet. En kritik nedenlerden biri, son 10 y\u0131lda ABD y\u00f6netimlerinin dolar\u0131 ve dolar cinsinden uluslararas\u0131 \u00f6deme sistemini art\u0131k bir \u2018silah\u2019, duru\u015funu, m\u00fccadelesini, kararlar\u0131n\u0131 be\u011fenmedi\u011fi \u00fclkelere kar\u015f\u0131 bir \u2018tehdit\u2019 unsuru olarak kullanmas\u0131. Bu \u2018hastal\u0131kl\u0131\u2019 tav\u0131r, k\u00fcresel g\u00fcney \u00fclkeleri nezdinde dolar bazl\u0131 \u00f6deme sistemine y\u00f6nelik \u2018alerji\u2019yi adeta kabartt\u0131.\u00a0<\/p>


<\/p>

Ayr\u0131ca k\u00fcresel ve b\u00f6lgesel jeopolitik gerilimlerde, ABD'nin BM kararlar\u0131na bile gerek g\u00f6rmeden uygulad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u2018haks\u0131z\u2019 ve \u2018adaletsiz\u2019 yapt\u0131r\u0131mlar ve ticaret politikalar\u0131, bir\u00e7ok \u00fclkeyi artan bir tempoyla dolar d\u0131\u015f\u0131 alternatiflere y\u00f6nlendirdi.<\/p>


<\/p>

\u00c7\u0130N\u2019\u0130N SINIR \u00d6TES\u0130 \u00d6DEME S\u0130STEM\u0130<\/strong><\/p>

\u00a0\u0130\u015fte tam da tart\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n alevlendi\u011fi bu d\u00f6nemde, AB\u2019nin ortak para birimi Euro, \u00c7in\u2019in yuan\u0131, Kanada ve Avustralya dolar\u0131 gibi \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131kan \u00fclkelerin para birimleri de merkez bankalar\u0131n\u0131n rezervlerindeki paylar\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131rd\u0131.\u00a0<\/p>


<\/p>

Bunun yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, son 10 y\u0131lda dijital para birimleri ve fintech teknolojilerine dair h\u0131zl\u0131 geli\u015fmeler, yeni finansal teknolojiler, rezerv para birimlerinin \u00e7e\u015fitlenmesini de kolayla\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131. Bununla birlikte, uluslararas\u0131 finans piyasalar\u0131ndaki i\u015flemlerin, emtia piyasalar\u0131ndaki i\u015flemlerin halen y\u00fczde 90\u2019a yak\u0131n\u0131 dolar cinsinden devam ediyor.\u00a0<\/p>


<\/p>

Rivayet o ki, petrol gibi stratejik bir emtiay\u0131 dolar d\u0131\u015f\u0131 para birimiyle fiyatland\u0131rmak isteyen kimi \u00fclke liderleri saf d\u0131\u015f\u0131 edildi. \u0130\u015fte tam da bu noktada, \u00c7in Merkez Bankas\u0131'n\u0131n (PBOC) dijital RMB (e-yuan diyelim) s\u0131n\u0131r \u00f6tesi \u00f6deme sistemini 10 ASEAN \u00fclkesi ve 6 Ortado\u011fu \u00fclkesine entegre etti\u011fini duyurmas\u0131, uluslararas\u0131 finans \u00e7evrelerinde ve ekonomi medyas\u0131nda geni\u015f yank\u0131 uyand\u0131rm\u0131\u015f durumda. Uluslararas\u0131 alanda bu ad\u0131m dolar\u0131n hakimiyetine meydan okuma olarak yank\u0131land\u0131.<\/p>


<\/p>

YEN\u0130 F\u0130NANSAL \u00c7A\u011eA HAZIRLANMA ZAMANI<\/strong><\/p>

S\u0131n\u0131r \u00f6tesi \u00f6demelerde mevcut SWIFT sistemi 3-5 g\u00fcnl\u00fck gecikmeye ger\u00e7ekle\u015firken, \u00c7in'in geli\u015ftirdi\u011fi \u2018dijital para k\u00f6pr\u00fcs\u00fc\u2019, transfer s\u00fcresini 7 saniyeye indirmi\u015f durumda. \u0130\u015flem klasik SWIFT sisteminde alt\u0131 arac\u0131 bankadan ge\u00e7erken, blokzincir \u00fczerinden an\u0131nda iletilmesi sayesinde, i\u015flem \u00fccretleri de y\u00fczde 98 d\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015f durumda.\u00a0<\/p>


<\/p>

ABD\u2019nin SWIFT sistemi \u00fczerinden kimi \u00fclkelere uygulad\u0131\u011f\u0131 yapt\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131 delecek, bay-pass edecek yeni bir uluslararas\u0131 \u00f6deme teknolojisinden, \u2018dolar imparatorlu\u011fu\u2019nu tehdit eden yeni bir \u2018dijital para k\u00f6pr\u00fcs\u00fc\u2019nden s\u00f6z ediyoruz.\u00a0<\/p>


<\/p>

2024'te ASEAN \u00fclkelerinin e-yuan ile ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirdi\u011fi s\u0131n\u0131r \u00f6tesi i\u015flemler y\u00fczde 120 art\u0131\u015fla 5.8 trilyon yuan\u0131 a\u015ft\u0131. Malezya ve Singapur gibi \u00fclkeler e-yuan\u0131 resmi rezervlerine eklerken, Tayland ilk petrol al\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 yine e-yuanla ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirdi. Uluslararas\u0131 \u00f6demeler bankas\u0131 BIS, \u00c7in\u2019in dijital para \u00e7a\u011f\u0131n\u0131n kurallar\u0131n\u0131 belirledi\u011fi yorumunu payla\u015ft\u0131. Kendimizi yeni bir finansal \u00e7a\u011fa, belki de \u2018Bretton Woods 2.0\u2019a haz\u0131rlama zaman\u0131.<\/p>


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