{"status":true,"post":{"id":35926,"user_id":11,"status":1,"type":1,"orde":null,"notification_type":3,"static_post":0,"published_at":"2022-12-13 10:06:53","created_at":"2022-12-13T10:06:53.000000Z","updated_at":"2022-12-13T10:06:53.000000Z","edited_at":"2024-12-17 22:35:21","source_id":null,"post_id":35926,"is_featured":0,"title":"COP27\u2019den COP28\u2019e k\u00fcresel iklim m\u00fccadelesi","slider_title":null,"slider_title_2":null,"slider_spot_title":null,"slider_spot_title_2":null,"home_title":null,"sub_title":null,"category_id":73,"description":"\u2018COP\u2019la adland\u0131r\u0131lan toplant\u0131lar\u0131 bir s\u00fcredir daha s\u0131kl\u0131kla duyuyorsunuz.","content":"

PROF. DR. KEREM ALK\u0130N<\/strong><\/span><\/p>

keremalkin@superonline.com<\/strong><\/span><\/p>

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

\u2018COP\u2019la adland\u0131r\u0131lan toplant\u0131lar\u0131 bir s\u00fcredir daha s\u0131kl\u0131kla duyuyorsunuz. Esasen, \u0130ngilizce Taraflar Konferans\u0131 (Conference of Parties) ifadesinin k\u0131saltmas\u0131. \u00d6nemli bir konu ve alan\u0131n taraflar\u0131ndan, payda\u015flar\u0131ndan, muhataplar\u0131ndan olu\u015fan ve uluslararas\u0131 bir s\u00f6zle\u015fmedeki geli\u015fmelerin ele al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir platform anlam\u0131na geliyor. Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler (BM) \u0130klim De\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi \u00c7er\u00e7eve S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi\u2019ne (UNFCCC) \u00fcye, aralar\u0131nda T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin de yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131, devletlerin temsilcileri ve iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi alan\u0131nda akredite, d\u00fcnyaca kabul edilmi\u015f uzman ve g\u00f6zlemcilerin kat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 Taraflar Toplant\u0131s\u0131\u2019n\u0131n sonuncusu, 27. Toplant\u0131, kas\u0131m ay\u0131 ba\u015f\u0131nda M\u0131s\u0131r\u2019\u0131n \u015eam El-\u015eehy kentinde 194 \u00fclkenin kat\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 ile ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti. K\u00fcresel enerji ve g\u0131da arz krizleri ile Rusya-Ukrayna sava\u015f\u0131n\u0131n ana ve art\u00e7\u0131 \u015foklar\u0131n\u0131n g\u00f6lgesinde ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen COP27, zihinlerin hayli kar\u0131\u015f\u0131k olmas\u0131 nedeniyle sera gaz\u0131 azal\u0131m\u0131na y\u00f6nelik m\u00fczakerelerde yeterince ilerleme kaydedilemeden sonu\u00e7land\u0131.<\/span><\/p>


<\/p>

KAYIP-HASAR FONU<\/strong>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>


<\/p>

Buna kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k, COP27\u2019in en can al\u0131c\u0131 pozitif sonucu, k\u00fcresel iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011finin sebep oldu\u011fu a\u011f\u0131r kurakl\u0131k ve a\u011f\u0131r do\u011fal afetler gibi iklim felaketlerinden en \u00e7ok etkilenen savunmas\u0131z \u00fclkeler i\u00e7in \u2018kay\u0131p ve hasar finansman\u0131\u2019 mekanizmas\u0131 sa\u011flamaya y\u00f6nelik kritik \u00f6nemde bir karar al\u0131nmas\u0131yd\u0131. \u0130klim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011finin sebep oldu\u011fu ana ve art\u00e7\u0131 etkileri bertaraf edecek proje ve ad\u0131mlara y\u00f6nelik bir \u2018iklim finansman\u0131 mekanizmas\u0131\u2019 kurulmas\u0131, finansmana y\u00f6nelik yenilik\u00e7i fikirlerin olu\u015fmas\u0131na y\u00f6nelik olarak bir \u00fcst d\u00fczey \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma grubunun olu\u015fturulmas\u0131, ba\u015fta Afrika, pek \u00e7ok az geli\u015fmi\u015f ve finansal deste\u011fe ihtiya\u00e7 duyan \u00fclkeyi sevindirdi. Nitekim, Rusya-Ukrayna sava\u015f\u0131n\u0131n da etkisiyle son 3 ayda dahi 200 milyar dolar elde etmi\u015f olan petrol ve do\u011falgaz \u015firketlerinin \u2018iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi kay\u0131p-hasar fonu\u2019na para aktarmamas\u0131n\u0131 ele\u015ftiren Barbados Ba\u015fbakan\u0131 Mia Mottley, s\u00f6z konusu \u015firketlerin kazan\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fczde 10\u2019unu \u2018kay\u0131p-hasar fonu\u2019na aktarmalar\u0131 gerekti\u011fini vurgulad\u0131.<\/span><\/p>


<\/p>

K\u00fcresel enerji arz krizinin g\u00f6lgesinde, k\u00f6m\u00fcrden \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f ve 1.5 derece hedefinin eri\u015filebilir k\u0131l\u0131nmas\u0131 ile sera gaz\u0131 emisyonlar\u0131n\u0131n k\u00fcresel olarak 2025 y\u0131l\u0131nda tepe noktas\u0131na ula\u015fmas\u0131 benzeri ba\u015fl\u0131klarda ciddi tart\u0131\u015fmalar g\u00f6zlemlenirken, 2021\u2019de Glasgow\u2019daki COP26 toplant\u0131s\u0131nda al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f kararlar\u0131n \u00f6tesine ge\u00e7ilemedi. Bunun anlam\u0131, k\u00f6m\u00fcr kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n kademeli olarak azalt\u0131lmas\u0131, etkin olmayan fosil yak\u0131t te\u015fviklerinin sonland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131na \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131 yap\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n bu y\u0131lki COP27 toplant\u0131s\u0131nda ilerisine ge\u00e7ilememi\u015f olmas\u0131. Nitekim, \u2018Sera Gaz\u0131 Azalt\u0131m \u00c7al\u0131\u015fma Grubu\u2019nun m\u00fczakerelerinin uzamas\u0131 nedeniyle 18 Kas\u0131m\u2019da bitmesi gereken zirve ancak 20 Kas\u0131m\u2019da tamamlanabildi. Fosil yak\u0131tlar\u0131n kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 azaltmaya y\u00f6nelik ve yenilenebilir enerji yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131 ile kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 ivmelendirecek kararlar konusunda daha ileri ad\u0131mlar at\u0131labilirdi. COP27\u2019nin en \u00f6nemli sonu\u00e7lar\u0131ndan biri ise IMF ve D\u00fcnya Bankas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n bilhassa somut \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmler \u00fcretmesinin talep edildi\u011fi bir iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi finansman\u0131 zirvesinin BAE\u2019de, Abu Dabi\u2019de ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilecek olan COP28 \u00f6ncesi, haziran ay\u0131nda yap\u0131lmas\u0131 konusunda somut karar al\u0131nmas\u0131.<\/span><\/p>


<\/p>

T\u00dcRK\u0130YE COP31\u2019E ADAY<\/strong><\/span><\/p>


<\/p>

COP28\u2019in en \u00f6nemli \u00f6zelli\u011fi, Paris \u0130klim Anla\u015fmas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n 14. maddesinde yer alan ve \u2018K\u00fcresel Durum De\u011ferlendirmesi\u2019 (Global Stocktake) olarak bilinen, 2021 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n may\u0131s ay\u0131nda ba\u015flat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olan \u2018d\u00fcnyan\u0131n iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi ile m\u00fccadelede durumu\u2019nu \u00f6l\u00e7meye y\u00f6nelik s\u00fcrecin tamamlanacak olmas\u0131. COP28\u2019de t\u00fcm d\u00fcnyay\u0131 kapsayacak bir durum de\u011ferlendirmesi ve \u00fclke performans envanteri yay\u0131nlanacak. Burada kritik nokta, k\u0131r\u0131lma, \u00fclke veya \u00fclke gruplar\u0131 hedef g\u00f6sterilmeden bir k\u00fcresel envanter yay\u0131nlan\u0131p yay\u0131nlanmayaca\u011f\u0131. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc, Paris Anla\u015fmas\u0131\u2019nda al\u0131nan prensip karar kolektif bir de\u011ferlendirme yap\u0131lmas\u0131 ve kimsenin do\u011frudan ele\u015ftirilmemesi veya su\u00e7lanmamas\u0131yd\u0131. T\u00fcrkiye ise en ge\u00e7 2038\u2019de karbon emisyonunda pik noktaya ula\u015faca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 net bir \u015fekilde a\u00e7\u0131klayarak ve \u0130klim Kanunu ad\u0131m\u0131yla COP27\u2019de iddial\u0131 duru\u015funu g\u00f6steren ender \u00fclkeler aras\u0131nda yer ald\u0131. 2026 COP31 ev sahipli\u011fine de talip oldu\u011fumuzu belirttik. 2030\u2019da 500 milyon ton emisyon azalt\u0131m\u0131 hedefleyen T\u00fcrkiye i\u00e7in COP31\u2019e aday olmak anlaml\u0131 olacak.<\/span><\/p>","slug":"cop27den-cop28e-kuresel-iklim-mucadelesi","tags":null,"meta_title":null,"meta_description":null,"meta_keywords":null,"news_cover_min":null,"news_cover":null,"news_video_min":null,"news_video":null,"view_count":1186,"cropped_1200x675":null,"user":{"id":11,"name":"KEREM","surname":"ALK\u0130N","email":"irem05@daglaroglu.com","slug":"prof-dr-kerem-alkin","avatar":"\/front\/uploads\/avatar\/17336916000GNrERW0ucj2Ja7.webp","status":1,"role":1,"email_verified_at":null,"orde":null,"created_at":"2022-09-15T09:39:41.000000Z","updated_at":"2024-12-18T09:50:43.000000Z","seo_title":null,"seo_description":null},"translations":[{"id":36052,"is_featured":0,"is_amp":0,"is_ads":0,"ads_link":null,"post_id":35926,"locale":"tr","category_id":73,"title":"COP27\u2019den COP28\u2019e k\u00fcresel iklim m\u00fccadelesi","home_title":null,"sub_title":null,"slider_title":null,"slider_title_2":null,"slider_spot_title":null,"slider_spot_title_2":null,"subtitleuse":0,"description":"\u2018COP\u2019la adland\u0131r\u0131lan toplant\u0131lar\u0131 bir s\u00fcredir daha s\u0131kl\u0131kla duyuyorsunuz.","content":"

PROF. DR. KEREM ALK\u0130N<\/strong><\/span><\/p>

keremalkin@superonline.com<\/strong><\/span><\/p>

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

\u2018COP\u2019la adland\u0131r\u0131lan toplant\u0131lar\u0131 bir s\u00fcredir daha s\u0131kl\u0131kla duyuyorsunuz. Esasen, \u0130ngilizce Taraflar Konferans\u0131 (Conference of Parties) ifadesinin k\u0131saltmas\u0131. \u00d6nemli bir konu ve alan\u0131n taraflar\u0131ndan, payda\u015flar\u0131ndan, muhataplar\u0131ndan olu\u015fan ve uluslararas\u0131 bir s\u00f6zle\u015fmedeki geli\u015fmelerin ele al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir platform anlam\u0131na geliyor. Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler (BM) \u0130klim De\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi \u00c7er\u00e7eve S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi\u2019ne (UNFCCC) \u00fcye, aralar\u0131nda T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin de yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131, devletlerin temsilcileri ve iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi alan\u0131nda akredite, d\u00fcnyaca kabul edilmi\u015f uzman ve g\u00f6zlemcilerin kat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 Taraflar Toplant\u0131s\u0131\u2019n\u0131n sonuncusu, 27. Toplant\u0131, kas\u0131m ay\u0131 ba\u015f\u0131nda M\u0131s\u0131r\u2019\u0131n \u015eam El-\u015eehy kentinde 194 \u00fclkenin kat\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 ile ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti. K\u00fcresel enerji ve g\u0131da arz krizleri ile Rusya-Ukrayna sava\u015f\u0131n\u0131n ana ve art\u00e7\u0131 \u015foklar\u0131n\u0131n g\u00f6lgesinde ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen COP27, zihinlerin hayli kar\u0131\u015f\u0131k olmas\u0131 nedeniyle sera gaz\u0131 azal\u0131m\u0131na y\u00f6nelik m\u00fczakerelerde yeterince ilerleme kaydedilemeden sonu\u00e7land\u0131.<\/span><\/p>


<\/p>

KAYIP-HASAR FONU<\/strong>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>


<\/p>

Buna kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k, COP27\u2019in en can al\u0131c\u0131 pozitif sonucu, k\u00fcresel iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011finin sebep oldu\u011fu a\u011f\u0131r kurakl\u0131k ve a\u011f\u0131r do\u011fal afetler gibi iklim felaketlerinden en \u00e7ok etkilenen savunmas\u0131z \u00fclkeler i\u00e7in \u2018kay\u0131p ve hasar finansman\u0131\u2019 mekanizmas\u0131 sa\u011flamaya y\u00f6nelik kritik \u00f6nemde bir karar al\u0131nmas\u0131yd\u0131. \u0130klim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011finin sebep oldu\u011fu ana ve art\u00e7\u0131 etkileri bertaraf edecek proje ve ad\u0131mlara y\u00f6nelik bir \u2018iklim finansman\u0131 mekanizmas\u0131\u2019 kurulmas\u0131, finansmana y\u00f6nelik yenilik\u00e7i fikirlerin olu\u015fmas\u0131na y\u00f6nelik olarak bir \u00fcst d\u00fczey \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma grubunun olu\u015fturulmas\u0131, ba\u015fta Afrika, pek \u00e7ok az geli\u015fmi\u015f ve finansal deste\u011fe ihtiya\u00e7 duyan \u00fclkeyi sevindirdi. Nitekim, Rusya-Ukrayna sava\u015f\u0131n\u0131n da etkisiyle son 3 ayda dahi 200 milyar dolar elde etmi\u015f olan petrol ve do\u011falgaz \u015firketlerinin \u2018iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi kay\u0131p-hasar fonu\u2019na para aktarmamas\u0131n\u0131 ele\u015ftiren Barbados Ba\u015fbakan\u0131 Mia Mottley, s\u00f6z konusu \u015firketlerin kazan\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fczde 10\u2019unu \u2018kay\u0131p-hasar fonu\u2019na aktarmalar\u0131 gerekti\u011fini vurgulad\u0131.<\/span><\/p>


<\/p>

K\u00fcresel enerji arz krizinin g\u00f6lgesinde, k\u00f6m\u00fcrden \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f ve 1.5 derece hedefinin eri\u015filebilir k\u0131l\u0131nmas\u0131 ile sera gaz\u0131 emisyonlar\u0131n\u0131n k\u00fcresel olarak 2025 y\u0131l\u0131nda tepe noktas\u0131na ula\u015fmas\u0131 benzeri ba\u015fl\u0131klarda ciddi tart\u0131\u015fmalar g\u00f6zlemlenirken, 2021\u2019de Glasgow\u2019daki COP26 toplant\u0131s\u0131nda al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f kararlar\u0131n \u00f6tesine ge\u00e7ilemedi. Bunun anlam\u0131, k\u00f6m\u00fcr kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n kademeli olarak azalt\u0131lmas\u0131, etkin olmayan fosil yak\u0131t te\u015fviklerinin sonland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131na \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131 yap\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n bu y\u0131lki COP27 toplant\u0131s\u0131nda ilerisine ge\u00e7ilememi\u015f olmas\u0131. Nitekim, \u2018Sera Gaz\u0131 Azalt\u0131m \u00c7al\u0131\u015fma Grubu\u2019nun m\u00fczakerelerinin uzamas\u0131 nedeniyle 18 Kas\u0131m\u2019da bitmesi gereken zirve ancak 20 Kas\u0131m\u2019da tamamlanabildi. Fosil yak\u0131tlar\u0131n kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 azaltmaya y\u00f6nelik ve yenilenebilir enerji yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131 ile kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 ivmelendirecek kararlar konusunda daha ileri ad\u0131mlar at\u0131labilirdi. COP27\u2019nin en \u00f6nemli sonu\u00e7lar\u0131ndan biri ise IMF ve D\u00fcnya Bankas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n bilhassa somut \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmler \u00fcretmesinin talep edildi\u011fi bir iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi finansman\u0131 zirvesinin BAE\u2019de, Abu Dabi\u2019de ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilecek olan COP28 \u00f6ncesi, haziran ay\u0131nda yap\u0131lmas\u0131 konusunda somut karar al\u0131nmas\u0131.<\/span><\/p>


<\/p>

T\u00dcRK\u0130YE COP31\u2019E ADAY<\/strong><\/span><\/p>


<\/p>

COP28\u2019in en \u00f6nemli \u00f6zelli\u011fi, Paris \u0130klim Anla\u015fmas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n 14. maddesinde yer alan ve \u2018K\u00fcresel Durum De\u011ferlendirmesi\u2019 (Global Stocktake) olarak bilinen, 2021 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n may\u0131s ay\u0131nda ba\u015flat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olan \u2018d\u00fcnyan\u0131n iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi ile m\u00fccadelede durumu\u2019nu \u00f6l\u00e7meye y\u00f6nelik s\u00fcrecin tamamlanacak olmas\u0131. COP28\u2019de t\u00fcm d\u00fcnyay\u0131 kapsayacak bir durum de\u011ferlendirmesi ve \u00fclke performans envanteri yay\u0131nlanacak. Burada kritik nokta, k\u0131r\u0131lma, \u00fclke veya \u00fclke gruplar\u0131 hedef g\u00f6sterilmeden bir k\u00fcresel envanter yay\u0131nlan\u0131p yay\u0131nlanmayaca\u011f\u0131. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc, Paris Anla\u015fmas\u0131\u2019nda al\u0131nan prensip karar kolektif bir de\u011ferlendirme yap\u0131lmas\u0131 ve kimsenin do\u011frudan ele\u015ftirilmemesi veya su\u00e7lanmamas\u0131yd\u0131. T\u00fcrkiye ise en ge\u00e7 2038\u2019de karbon emisyonunda pik noktaya ula\u015faca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 net bir \u015fekilde a\u00e7\u0131klayarak ve \u0130klim Kanunu ad\u0131m\u0131yla COP27\u2019de iddial\u0131 duru\u015funu g\u00f6steren ender \u00fclkeler aras\u0131nda yer ald\u0131. 2026 COP31 ev sahipli\u011fine de talip oldu\u011fumuzu belirttik. 2030\u2019da 500 milyon ton emisyon azalt\u0131m\u0131 hedefleyen T\u00fcrkiye i\u00e7in COP31\u2019e aday olmak anlaml\u0131 olacak.<\/span><\/p>","slug":"cop27den-cop28e-kuresel-iklim-mucadelesi","orjinalimage":null,"news_cover_min":null,"news_cover":null,"news_video_min":null,"news_video":null,"cropped_638x552":null,"cropped_310x208":null,"cropped_416x247":null,"cropped_197x247":null,"cropped_416x600":null,"cropped_1200x675":null,"tags":null,"meta_title":null,"meta_description":null,"meta_keywords":null,"view_count":1186,"yt":0,"ytid":"","ytimage":null,"imgdate":"2000-01-01 00:00:00","cuff_cover":null,"cropped_358x214":null,"cropped_842x474":null}]}}