{"status":true,"post":{"id":58903,"user_id":2,"status":1,"type":1,"orde":null,"notification_type":3,"static_post":0,"published_at":"2024-12-17 07:20:00","created_at":"2024-12-17T04:20:00.000000Z","updated_at":"2024-12-17T04:20:00.000000Z","edited_at":"2024-12-17 22:35:21","source_id":null,"post_id":58903,"is_featured":0,"title":"\u00c7in'in ABD politikas\u0131nda de\u011fi\u015fim: Kar\u015f\u0131 yapt\u0131r\u0131mlar","slider_title":null,"slider_title_2":null,"slider_spot_title":null,"slider_spot_title_2":null,"home_title":null,"sub_title":null,"category_id":73,"description":"FAT\u0130H OKTAY","content":"

<\/span>Biden y\u00f6netimi, \u00c7in\u2019in \u00e7ipler ve yapay zeka alanlar\u0131ndaki teknolojik geli\u015fmesini yava\u015flatmaya y\u00f6nelik \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc yapt\u0131r\u0131mlar paketini ge\u00e7ti\u011fimiz g\u00fcnlerde a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131. \u00c7in taraf\u0131, Biden ve \u00f6ncesindeki y\u00f6netimler taraf\u0131ndan uygulamaya konan engelleyici yapt\u0131r\u0131mlara \u015fimdiye kadar do\u011frudan bir tepki vermemi\u015fti; bu sefer kar\u015f\u0131 yapt\u0131r\u0131mlar geldi.<\/span><\/p>

Trump d\u00f6neminde iyice g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr hale geldiyse de ABD\u2019nin \u00c7in\u2019in teknolojik geli\u015fimini engellemeye y\u00f6nelik \u00e7abalar\u0131 bu d\u00f6nemle s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 de\u011fil. ABD y\u00f6netiminin bu amaca y\u00f6nelik kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 ara\u00e7lar aras\u0131nda \u00e7e\u015fitli kara listeler, \u00f6nemli yer tutuyor. \u0130\u00e7ine al\u0131nan ki\u015fi ve kurulu\u015flara ABD\u2019li ki\u015fi ve kurulu\u015flar\u0131n \u00fcr\u00fcn, teknoloji, hizmet, bilgi sa\u011flamas\u0131n\u0131 yasaklayan \u2018Entity List\u2019 bunlar\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda geliyor. Trump d\u00f6neminde 384 \u00c7inli kurulu\u015f; firmalar, ara\u015ft\u0131rma kurulu\u015flar\u0131, \u00fcniversiteler bu listeye al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. \u00d6ncesinde Obama d\u00f6neminde 117 \u00c7inli kurulu\u015f listeye al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131, sonras\u0131nda Biden d\u00f6neminde de k\u0131sa bir s\u00fcre \u00f6ncesine kadar tam Trump d\u00f6nemindeki kadar yeni \u00c7inli kurulu\u015f bu listeye girmi\u015f bulunuyordu. Dahas\u0131, 2022 sonlar\u0131nda Biden y\u00f6netiminin a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131\u011f\u0131 yapt\u0131r\u0131m paketi, \u00c7inli herhangi bir kurulu\u015fa yeni nesil entegre devre \u00e7ipler ve bunlar\u0131n \u00fcretiminde kullan\u0131lacak ara\u00e7, malzeme, teknoloji, hizmetlerin verilmesini yasakl\u0131yor; yani t\u00fcm \u00c7in\u2019i belli \u00fcr\u00fcnler i\u00e7in kara listeye al\u0131yordu. \u00dcstelik bu, yaln\u0131z ABD\u2019lileri de\u011fil, \u00fcretiminde ABD kaynakl\u0131 teknoloji kullan\u0131lan t\u00fcm \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc kaynakl\u0131 \u00fcr\u00fcnleri de kaps\u0131yordu. Biden y\u00f6netimi, bu yapt\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131 ge\u00e7ti\u011fimiz y\u0131l\u0131n sonlar\u0131nda a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ikinci bir yapt\u0131r\u0131m paketi ile daha da s\u0131k\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131.<\/span><\/p>

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

M\u0130NERAL \u00dcR\u00dcNLERE SINIRLAMA<\/span><\/strong><\/p>

Ge\u00e7ti\u011fimiz g\u00fcnlerde bir \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc paket de geldi. Yeni paket \u00c7in\u2019e sat\u0131labilecek \u00e7ip \u00fcretiminde kullan\u0131lan cihazlar\u0131n s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131n\u0131 daha da daralt\u0131yor. \u00d6te yandan, yasakl\u0131 \u00fcr\u00fcnlere, yapay zeka sistemlerinde kullan\u0131lan y\u00fcksek bant geni\u015flikli bellek \u00e7ipleri ekleniyor. Paket, \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc \u00fclke \u00fcreticilerine de \u00fcretiminde do\u011frudan ABD teknolojisi de\u011fil, ABD kaynakl\u0131 herhangi bir girdi kullan\u0131l\u0131yorsa yapt\u0131r\u0131mlara uyma zorunlulu\u011fu getiriyor. Bunlara ek olarak kara listeye 140 kadar yeni \u00c7inli kurulu\u015f eklenerek Trump d\u00f6nemi rakam\u0131n\u0131n epey \u00fczerine \u00e7\u0131k\u0131l\u0131yor.<\/span><\/p>

\u00c7in taraf\u0131 da ilk defa olarak buna belli mineral \u00fcr\u00fcnlerinin ABD\u2019ye ihracat\u0131na s\u0131n\u0131rlamalar getirerek cevap verdi. Buna g\u00f6re galyum, germanyum, antimuan mineral \u00fcr\u00fcnleri ve s\u00fcper sert malzemelerin ABD\u2019li silah sanayi firmalar\u0131na sat\u0131\u015f\u0131 yasaklan\u0131yor, di\u011fer ABD firmalar\u0131na sat\u0131\u015f ise ihracat iznine ba\u011flan\u0131yor. Bunlar yan\u0131nda grafit \u00fcr\u00fcnlerinin ABD\u2019ye sat\u0131\u015f\u0131na k\u0131s\u0131tlamalar getiriliyor. Galyum ve germanyum y\u00fcksek performansl\u0131, \u00f6zellikle askeri ama\u00e7lar i\u00e7in tercih edilen \u00e7iplerin \u00fcretimi yan\u0131nda gece g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f g\u00f6zl\u00fckleri gibi askeri ara\u00e7lar\u0131n \u00fcretiminde kullan\u0131l\u0131yor. Antimuan ve s\u00fcper sert malzemeler ise a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131kl\u0131 olarak z\u0131rhlar, z\u0131rh delici mermiler gibi askeri \u00fcr\u00fcnlerde kullan\u0131l\u0131yor. Grafit \u00fcr\u00fcnlerinin \u015fu g\u00fcnlerdeki ana kullan\u0131m alan\u0131 elektrikli otomobil bataryalar\u0131; her ara\u00e7ta 50-60 kilo grafit kullan\u0131l\u0131yor.<\/span><\/p>

T\u00fcm bu mineral \u00fcr\u00fcnlerinin ana \u00fcreticisi \u00c7in, buna kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k ABD\u2019nin \u00fcretimi yok veya \u00e7ok alt d\u00fczeyde ve ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131 a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131kl\u0131 olarak \u00c7in\u2019den kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131yor. \u00c7in, d\u00fcnya antimuan \u00fcretiminin yakla\u015f\u0131k yar\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftiriyor; ABD\u2019nin \u00fcretimi yok ve ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131n \u00fc\u00e7te ikisini \u00c7in\u2019den kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131yor. D\u00fcnya sentetik grafit \u00fcretiminin y\u00fczde 95\u2019i \u00c7in\u2019de ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftiriliyor. Do\u011fal grafit rafineri kapasitesinin neredeyse tamam\u0131 bu \u00fclkede bulunuyor. Rafine germanyum \u00fcretiminin y\u00fczde 60\u2019\u0131, rafine galyum \u00fcretiminin neredeyse tamam\u0131 \u00c7in\u2019de ger\u00e7ekle\u015fiyor. ABD ise bu \u00fcr\u00fcnlerde tamamen veya b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde d\u0131\u015fa ve dolay\u0131s\u0131yla b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde \u00c7in\u2019e ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131 durumda bulunuyor. \u00c7in\u2019in bu alandaki hakimiyeti do\u011fal kaynaklara de\u011fil, ham cevherleri i\u015fleyip rafine edecek teknoloji ve tesislere sahip olmas\u0131ndan kaynaklan\u0131yor. Bu durum, s\u00f6z\u00fc edilen minerallerin d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda bir\u00e7ok di\u011fer kritik mineral i\u00e7in ge\u00e7erli. Bunu de\u011fi\u015ftirmek de kolay olmuyor. \u00d6rne\u011fin ileri teknoloji \u00fcr\u00fcnlerinin bile\u015fenlerinin \u00fcretiminde kritik rol oynayan nadir toprak elementlerinde ABD\u2019de \u00c7in\u2019e ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 azaltmak i\u00e7in yerel \u00fcreticilere b\u00fcy\u00fck te\u015fvikler sa\u011flanmas\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131n bu alandaki teknolojik a\u00e7\u0131k kapanmam\u0131\u015f bulunuyor.<\/span><\/p>

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

TEKNOLOJ\u0130 YAPTIRIMINA CEVAP<\/span><\/strong><\/p>

\u00c7in\u2019in bu yapt\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131 epeydir s\u00fcren haz\u0131rl\u0131klar ve bir\u00e7ok i\u015faretin ard\u0131ndan geldi. \u00dclke y\u00f6netimi ilk i\u015f olarak 2020 y\u0131l\u0131nda bat\u0131 \u00fclkelerindekilere benzer, devletin belli \u00fcr\u00fcn ve teknolojilerin ihrac\u0131n\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131rlamas\u0131na y\u00f6nelik d\u00fczenlemeleri i\u00e7eren bir ihracat kontrol yasas\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kartt\u0131. Ayn\u0131 y\u0131l, ABD\u2019nin kara listelerini \u00f6rnek alan bir \u2018G\u00fcvenilmez Kurulu\u015f Listesi\u2019 olu\u015fturuldu. 2021 y\u0131l\u0131nda da Yabanc\u0131 \u00dclke Yapt\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131 ile M\u00fccadele Yasas\u0131 olarak adland\u0131rabilece\u011fimiz bir yasa y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe sokuldu. \u00c7in\u2019in kara listesinde hemen hemen hepsi Tayvan\u2019a silah sat\u0131\u015f\u0131 yapmaktan dolay\u0131 bir dizi ABD \u015firketi girmi\u015f durumda. Bunlar\u0131n \u00c7in\u2019le i\u015f yapmalar\u0131, y\u00f6neticilerinin \u00c7in\u2019e girmesi yasakland\u0131 ve y\u00fckl\u00fc para cezalar\u0131na \u00e7arpt\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bulunuyorlar. Olu\u015fturulan yasalar \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde 2023 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u00f6nce baz\u0131 galyum ve germanyum \u00fcr\u00fcnleri, ard\u0131ndan baz\u0131 grafit \u00fcr\u00fcnleri, bu y\u0131l\u0131n ortalar\u0131nda da antimuan ihrac\u0131 izne ba\u011fland\u0131.<\/span><\/p>

Ancak bu k\u0131s\u0131tlamalar a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a do\u011frudan ABD\u2019yi hedeflemiyordu. K\u0131s\u0131tlamalar genel kapsaml\u0131yd\u0131, \u00fclke yetkilileri de k\u0131s\u0131tlamalar\u0131n belli bir \u00fclkeye kar\u015f\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n alt\u0131n\u0131 dikkatle \u00e7iziyordu. Ancak son k\u0131s\u0131tlamalar, ad\u0131 konarak sadece ABD\u2019yi kaps\u0131yor ve yetkililer bunlar\u0131n ABD\u2019nin son teknolojik yapt\u0131r\u0131m paketine cevap oldu\u011funu belirtiyor.<\/span><\/p>

\u00c7in\u2019de \u00fclke y\u00f6netimi alttan alma, \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmaya girmeme politikas\u0131n\u0131n sonu\u00e7 vermedi\u011fi, ABD y\u00f6netimlerinin yapt\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131n dozunu giderek artt\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 sonucuna var\u0131p, yapt\u0131r\u0131ma yapt\u0131r\u0131m yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131na y\u00f6nelmi\u015f g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcyor. Bir \u00e7at\u0131\u015fma g\u00f6ze al\u0131nd\u0131ktan sonra da b\u00fcy\u00fck olas\u0131l\u0131kla meselelere ideolojik de\u011fil, faydac\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131dan yakla\u015faca\u011f\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclen yeni Trump y\u00f6netimine aya\u011f\u0131n\u0131 denk almas\u0131, i\u015fe b\u00fcy\u00fck yapt\u0131r\u0131mlarla ba\u015flay\u0131p olas\u0131 bir uzla\u015fmay\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kmaza sokmamas\u0131 mesaj\u0131 veriliyor.<\/span><\/p>","slug":"cinin-abd-politikasinda-degisim-karsi-yaptirimlar","tags":null,"meta_title":"\u00c7in'in ABD politikas\u0131nda de\u011fi\u015fim: Kar\u015f\u0131 yapt\u0131r\u0131mlar","meta_description":"FAT\u0130H OKTAY","meta_keywords":null,"news_cover_min":"\/front\/uploads\/blog\/thumbnail\/1734382800eDWKQO3ivGqNNEZ.webp","news_cover":null,"news_video_min":null,"news_video":null,"view_count":0,"cropped_1200x675":null,"user":{"id":2,"name":"FAT\u0130H","surname":"OKTAY","email":"ozansoy.tuna@akay.com","slug":"fatih-oktay","avatar":"\/front\/uploads\/avatar\/1733691600qSRn7kb3ZZVHU3t.webp","status":1,"role":1,"email_verified_at":null,"orde":null,"created_at":"2022-09-15T09:39:41.000000Z","updated_at":"2024-12-18T14:51:22.000000Z","seo_title":null,"seo_description":null},"translations":[{"id":59029,"is_featured":0,"is_amp":0,"is_ads":0,"ads_link":null,"post_id":58903,"locale":"tr","category_id":73,"title":"\u00c7in'in ABD politikas\u0131nda de\u011fi\u015fim: Kar\u015f\u0131 yapt\u0131r\u0131mlar","home_title":null,"sub_title":null,"slider_title":null,"slider_title_2":null,"slider_spot_title":null,"slider_spot_title_2":null,"subtitleuse":0,"description":"FAT\u0130H OKTAY","content":"

<\/span>Biden y\u00f6netimi, \u00c7in\u2019in \u00e7ipler ve yapay zeka alanlar\u0131ndaki teknolojik geli\u015fmesini yava\u015flatmaya y\u00f6nelik \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc yapt\u0131r\u0131mlar paketini ge\u00e7ti\u011fimiz g\u00fcnlerde a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131. \u00c7in taraf\u0131, Biden ve \u00f6ncesindeki y\u00f6netimler taraf\u0131ndan uygulamaya konan engelleyici yapt\u0131r\u0131mlara \u015fimdiye kadar do\u011frudan bir tepki vermemi\u015fti; bu sefer kar\u015f\u0131 yapt\u0131r\u0131mlar geldi.<\/span><\/p>

Trump d\u00f6neminde iyice g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr hale geldiyse de ABD\u2019nin \u00c7in\u2019in teknolojik geli\u015fimini engellemeye y\u00f6nelik \u00e7abalar\u0131 bu d\u00f6nemle s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 de\u011fil. ABD y\u00f6netiminin bu amaca y\u00f6nelik kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 ara\u00e7lar aras\u0131nda \u00e7e\u015fitli kara listeler, \u00f6nemli yer tutuyor. \u0130\u00e7ine al\u0131nan ki\u015fi ve kurulu\u015flara ABD\u2019li ki\u015fi ve kurulu\u015flar\u0131n \u00fcr\u00fcn, teknoloji, hizmet, bilgi sa\u011flamas\u0131n\u0131 yasaklayan \u2018Entity List\u2019 bunlar\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda geliyor. Trump d\u00f6neminde 384 \u00c7inli kurulu\u015f; firmalar, ara\u015ft\u0131rma kurulu\u015flar\u0131, \u00fcniversiteler bu listeye al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. \u00d6ncesinde Obama d\u00f6neminde 117 \u00c7inli kurulu\u015f listeye al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131, sonras\u0131nda Biden d\u00f6neminde de k\u0131sa bir s\u00fcre \u00f6ncesine kadar tam Trump d\u00f6nemindeki kadar yeni \u00c7inli kurulu\u015f bu listeye girmi\u015f bulunuyordu. Dahas\u0131, 2022 sonlar\u0131nda Biden y\u00f6netiminin a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131\u011f\u0131 yapt\u0131r\u0131m paketi, \u00c7inli herhangi bir kurulu\u015fa yeni nesil entegre devre \u00e7ipler ve bunlar\u0131n \u00fcretiminde kullan\u0131lacak ara\u00e7, malzeme, teknoloji, hizmetlerin verilmesini yasakl\u0131yor; yani t\u00fcm \u00c7in\u2019i belli \u00fcr\u00fcnler i\u00e7in kara listeye al\u0131yordu. \u00dcstelik bu, yaln\u0131z ABD\u2019lileri de\u011fil, \u00fcretiminde ABD kaynakl\u0131 teknoloji kullan\u0131lan t\u00fcm \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc kaynakl\u0131 \u00fcr\u00fcnleri de kaps\u0131yordu. Biden y\u00f6netimi, bu yapt\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131 ge\u00e7ti\u011fimiz y\u0131l\u0131n sonlar\u0131nda a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ikinci bir yapt\u0131r\u0131m paketi ile daha da s\u0131k\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131.<\/span><\/p>

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

M\u0130NERAL \u00dcR\u00dcNLERE SINIRLAMA<\/span><\/strong><\/p>

Ge\u00e7ti\u011fimiz g\u00fcnlerde bir \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc paket de geldi. Yeni paket \u00c7in\u2019e sat\u0131labilecek \u00e7ip \u00fcretiminde kullan\u0131lan cihazlar\u0131n s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131n\u0131 daha da daralt\u0131yor. \u00d6te yandan, yasakl\u0131 \u00fcr\u00fcnlere, yapay zeka sistemlerinde kullan\u0131lan y\u00fcksek bant geni\u015flikli bellek \u00e7ipleri ekleniyor. Paket, \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc \u00fclke \u00fcreticilerine de \u00fcretiminde do\u011frudan ABD teknolojisi de\u011fil, ABD kaynakl\u0131 herhangi bir girdi kullan\u0131l\u0131yorsa yapt\u0131r\u0131mlara uyma zorunlulu\u011fu getiriyor. Bunlara ek olarak kara listeye 140 kadar yeni \u00c7inli kurulu\u015f eklenerek Trump d\u00f6nemi rakam\u0131n\u0131n epey \u00fczerine \u00e7\u0131k\u0131l\u0131yor.<\/span><\/p>

\u00c7in taraf\u0131 da ilk defa olarak buna belli mineral \u00fcr\u00fcnlerinin ABD\u2019ye ihracat\u0131na s\u0131n\u0131rlamalar getirerek cevap verdi. Buna g\u00f6re galyum, germanyum, antimuan mineral \u00fcr\u00fcnleri ve s\u00fcper sert malzemelerin ABD\u2019li silah sanayi firmalar\u0131na sat\u0131\u015f\u0131 yasaklan\u0131yor, di\u011fer ABD firmalar\u0131na sat\u0131\u015f ise ihracat iznine ba\u011flan\u0131yor. Bunlar yan\u0131nda grafit \u00fcr\u00fcnlerinin ABD\u2019ye sat\u0131\u015f\u0131na k\u0131s\u0131tlamalar getiriliyor. Galyum ve germanyum y\u00fcksek performansl\u0131, \u00f6zellikle askeri ama\u00e7lar i\u00e7in tercih edilen \u00e7iplerin \u00fcretimi yan\u0131nda gece g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f g\u00f6zl\u00fckleri gibi askeri ara\u00e7lar\u0131n \u00fcretiminde kullan\u0131l\u0131yor. Antimuan ve s\u00fcper sert malzemeler ise a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131kl\u0131 olarak z\u0131rhlar, z\u0131rh delici mermiler gibi askeri \u00fcr\u00fcnlerde kullan\u0131l\u0131yor. Grafit \u00fcr\u00fcnlerinin \u015fu g\u00fcnlerdeki ana kullan\u0131m alan\u0131 elektrikli otomobil bataryalar\u0131; her ara\u00e7ta 50-60 kilo grafit kullan\u0131l\u0131yor.<\/span><\/p>

T\u00fcm bu mineral \u00fcr\u00fcnlerinin ana \u00fcreticisi \u00c7in, buna kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k ABD\u2019nin \u00fcretimi yok veya \u00e7ok alt d\u00fczeyde ve ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131 a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131kl\u0131 olarak \u00c7in\u2019den kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131yor. \u00c7in, d\u00fcnya antimuan \u00fcretiminin yakla\u015f\u0131k yar\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftiriyor; ABD\u2019nin \u00fcretimi yok ve ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131n \u00fc\u00e7te ikisini \u00c7in\u2019den kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131yor. D\u00fcnya sentetik grafit \u00fcretiminin y\u00fczde 95\u2019i \u00c7in\u2019de ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftiriliyor. Do\u011fal grafit rafineri kapasitesinin neredeyse tamam\u0131 bu \u00fclkede bulunuyor. Rafine germanyum \u00fcretiminin y\u00fczde 60\u2019\u0131, rafine galyum \u00fcretiminin neredeyse tamam\u0131 \u00c7in\u2019de ger\u00e7ekle\u015fiyor. ABD ise bu \u00fcr\u00fcnlerde tamamen veya b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde d\u0131\u015fa ve dolay\u0131s\u0131yla b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde \u00c7in\u2019e ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131 durumda bulunuyor. \u00c7in\u2019in bu alandaki hakimiyeti do\u011fal kaynaklara de\u011fil, ham cevherleri i\u015fleyip rafine edecek teknoloji ve tesislere sahip olmas\u0131ndan kaynaklan\u0131yor. Bu durum, s\u00f6z\u00fc edilen minerallerin d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda bir\u00e7ok di\u011fer kritik mineral i\u00e7in ge\u00e7erli. Bunu de\u011fi\u015ftirmek de kolay olmuyor. \u00d6rne\u011fin ileri teknoloji \u00fcr\u00fcnlerinin bile\u015fenlerinin \u00fcretiminde kritik rol oynayan nadir toprak elementlerinde ABD\u2019de \u00c7in\u2019e ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 azaltmak i\u00e7in yerel \u00fcreticilere b\u00fcy\u00fck te\u015fvikler sa\u011flanmas\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131n bu alandaki teknolojik a\u00e7\u0131k kapanmam\u0131\u015f bulunuyor.<\/span><\/p>

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

TEKNOLOJ\u0130 YAPTIRIMINA CEVAP<\/span><\/strong><\/p>

\u00c7in\u2019in bu yapt\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131 epeydir s\u00fcren haz\u0131rl\u0131klar ve bir\u00e7ok i\u015faretin ard\u0131ndan geldi. \u00dclke y\u00f6netimi ilk i\u015f olarak 2020 y\u0131l\u0131nda bat\u0131 \u00fclkelerindekilere benzer, devletin belli \u00fcr\u00fcn ve teknolojilerin ihrac\u0131n\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131rlamas\u0131na y\u00f6nelik d\u00fczenlemeleri i\u00e7eren bir ihracat kontrol yasas\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kartt\u0131. Ayn\u0131 y\u0131l, ABD\u2019nin kara listelerini \u00f6rnek alan bir \u2018G\u00fcvenilmez Kurulu\u015f Listesi\u2019 olu\u015fturuldu. 2021 y\u0131l\u0131nda da Yabanc\u0131 \u00dclke Yapt\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131 ile M\u00fccadele Yasas\u0131 olarak adland\u0131rabilece\u011fimiz bir yasa y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe sokuldu. \u00c7in\u2019in kara listesinde hemen hemen hepsi Tayvan\u2019a silah sat\u0131\u015f\u0131 yapmaktan dolay\u0131 bir dizi ABD \u015firketi girmi\u015f durumda. Bunlar\u0131n \u00c7in\u2019le i\u015f yapmalar\u0131, y\u00f6neticilerinin \u00c7in\u2019e girmesi yasakland\u0131 ve y\u00fckl\u00fc para cezalar\u0131na \u00e7arpt\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bulunuyorlar. Olu\u015fturulan yasalar \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde 2023 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u00f6nce baz\u0131 galyum ve germanyum \u00fcr\u00fcnleri, ard\u0131ndan baz\u0131 grafit \u00fcr\u00fcnleri, bu y\u0131l\u0131n ortalar\u0131nda da antimuan ihrac\u0131 izne ba\u011fland\u0131.<\/span><\/p>

Ancak bu k\u0131s\u0131tlamalar a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a do\u011frudan ABD\u2019yi hedeflemiyordu. K\u0131s\u0131tlamalar genel kapsaml\u0131yd\u0131, \u00fclke yetkilileri de k\u0131s\u0131tlamalar\u0131n belli bir \u00fclkeye kar\u015f\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n alt\u0131n\u0131 dikkatle \u00e7iziyordu. Ancak son k\u0131s\u0131tlamalar, ad\u0131 konarak sadece ABD\u2019yi kaps\u0131yor ve yetkililer bunlar\u0131n ABD\u2019nin son teknolojik yapt\u0131r\u0131m paketine cevap oldu\u011funu belirtiyor.<\/span><\/p>

\u00c7in\u2019de \u00fclke y\u00f6netimi alttan alma, \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmaya girmeme politikas\u0131n\u0131n sonu\u00e7 vermedi\u011fi, ABD y\u00f6netimlerinin yapt\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131n dozunu giderek artt\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 sonucuna var\u0131p, yapt\u0131r\u0131ma yapt\u0131r\u0131m yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131na y\u00f6nelmi\u015f g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcyor. Bir \u00e7at\u0131\u015fma g\u00f6ze al\u0131nd\u0131ktan sonra da b\u00fcy\u00fck olas\u0131l\u0131kla meselelere ideolojik de\u011fil, faydac\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131dan yakla\u015faca\u011f\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclen yeni Trump y\u00f6netimine aya\u011f\u0131n\u0131 denk almas\u0131, i\u015fe b\u00fcy\u00fck yapt\u0131r\u0131mlarla ba\u015flay\u0131p olas\u0131 bir uzla\u015fmay\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kmaza sokmamas\u0131 mesaj\u0131 veriliyor.<\/span><\/p>","slug":"cinin-abd-politikasinda-degisim-karsi-yaptirimlar","orjinalimage":"\/front\/uploads\/blog\/thumbnail\/1734382800eDWKQO3ivGqNNEZ.webp","news_cover_min":"\/front\/uploads\/blog\/thumbnail\/1734382800eDWKQO3ivGqNNEZ.webp","news_cover":null,"news_video_min":null,"news_video":null,"cropped_638x552":null,"cropped_310x208":null,"cropped_416x247":null,"cropped_197x247":null,"cropped_416x600":null,"cropped_1200x675":null,"tags":null,"meta_title":"\u00c7in'in ABD politikas\u0131nda de\u011fi\u015fim: Kar\u015f\u0131 yapt\u0131r\u0131mlar","meta_description":"FAT\u0130H OKTAY","meta_keywords":null,"view_count":0,"yt":0,"ytid":"","ytimage":null,"imgdate":"2025-01-16 06:33:09","cuff_cover":null,"cropped_358x214":null,"cropped_842x474":null}]}}